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arXiv 2104.13650astro-ph.SR
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恒星大气的非平衡态方程

Non-equilibrium Equation of State in stellar atmospheres

L. S. Anusha, M. van Noort, R. H. Cameron

摘要:

在恒星色球层中,辐射能量传输仅由最强的谱线控制。对于这些线,局部热力学平衡(LTE)的近似是已知的是非常不准确的,并且通常不能假设平衡状态。为了计算这些条件下的辐射能量输运,粒子数演化方程必须显式求解,包括所有与时间相关的项。我们发展了一种数值方法,以时间隐式的方式求解原子级布居的演化方程,保持所有的时间依赖项为一阶。我们表明,人口的时间依赖性的线性近似可以处理非常大的时间步长,而不会失去精度。我们重现的基准解决方案,从早期的,完善的工程方面的非LTE动力学平衡解决方案和典型的电离/复合时间尺度在太阳色球层。

英文摘要:

In the stellar chromospheres, radiative energy transport is dominated by only the strongest spectral lines. For these lines, the approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) is known to be very inaccurate, and a state of equilibrium cannot be assumed in general. To calculate the radiative energy transport under these conditions, the population evolution equation must be evaluated explicitly, including all time-dependent terms. We develop a numerical method to solve the evolution equation for the atomic-level populations in a time-implicit way, keeping all time-dependent terms to first order. We show that the linear approximation of the time dependence of the populations can handle very large time steps without losing the accuracy. We reproduce the benchmark solutions from earlier, well-established works in terms of non-LTE kinetic equilibrium solution and typical ionization/recombination time-scales in the solar chromosphere.

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