跨学科研究人员在资金方面取得了更好的表现
Interdisciplinary researchers attain better performance in funding
摘要：
跨学科研究是解决我们这个高度相互关联的世界中的复杂问题的基础，并且在全球范围内正在兴起。然而，目前还不清楚为什么-在竞争日益激烈的学术环境-一个人应该追求一个跨学科的职业生涯鉴于其最近的负面新闻。一些研究确实表明，与更专业的工作相比，跨学科研究的影响力往往较低，而且不太可能吸引资金。我们试图通过分析2006年至2018年英国七个国家研究委员会授予的44，419项研究资助的数据集来协调这些证据。我们比较了具有跨学科资助记录的研究人员与具有专业背景的研究人员的研究表现。我们发现，前者在学术合作网络中占据主导地位，无论是在中心地位还是知识经纪方面;但这种竞争优势并不会立即转化为影响力。事实上，通过配对实验设计，我们发现，在短期内，跨学科的研究人员平均在出版物中的影响力低于学科专家，但最终在数量和价值方面的资助表现优于他们。我们的研究结果表明，开展跨学科职业可能需要更多的时间和毅力来克服额外的挑战，但可以为更成功的努力铺平道路。
英文摘要：
Interdisciplinary research is fundamental when it comes to tackling complex problems in our highly interlinked world, and is on the rise globally. Yet, it is unclear why--in an increasingly competitive academic environment--one should pursue an interdisciplinary career given its recent negative press. Several studies have indeed shown that interdisciplinary research often achieves lower impact compared to more specialized work, and is less likely to attract funding. We seek to reconcile such evidence by analyzing a dataset of 44,419 research grants awarded between 2006 and 2018 from the seven national research councils in the UK. We compared the research performance of researchers with an interdisciplinary funding track record with those who have a specialized profile. We found that the former dominates the network of academic collaborations, both in terms of centrality and knowledge brokerage; but such a competitive advantage does not immediately translate into impact. Indeed, by means of a matched pair experimental design, we found that researchers who transcend between disciplines on average achieve lower impacts in their publications than the subject specialists in the short run, but eventually outperform them in funding performance, both in terms of volume and value. Our results suggest that launching an interdisciplinary career may require more time and persistence to overcome extra challenges, but can pave the way for a more successful endeavour.
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