纯电动汽车多目标生态路径模型开发与评价
Multi-objective Eco-Routing Model Development and Evaluation for Battery Electric Vehicles
摘要：
在微观交通仿真环境下，研究了多目标纳什最优（用户均衡）交通分配对纯电动汽车（BEV）和内燃机汽车（ICEVs）大规模网络的影响.生态路由是一种找到最节能路线的技术。ICEV和BEV的能耗模式在其对驾驶循环的敏感性方面存在显著差异。与ICEV不同，与高速公路旅行相比，BEV在低速干线旅行中更节能。不同的能源消耗模式要求ICEV和BEV采用不同的生态路由策略。这项研究发现，生态路线可以降低纯电动汽车的能源消耗，但也显着增加了他们的平均旅行时间。模拟研究发现，多目标路径可以将BEV的能耗降低13.5%，14.2%，12.9%和10.7%，以及ICEV的燃油消耗分别降低0.1%，4.3%，3.4%和10.6%“不拥堵”，“轻微拥堵”，“中度拥堵”和“高度拥堵”条件。研究还发现，多目标用户均衡路由减少了平均车辆行驶时间高达10.1%相比，标准的用户均衡交通分配的高度拥挤的条件下，产生一个更接近系统最优交通分配的解决方案。研究结果表明，多目标生态路径规划能有效降低燃料/能源消耗，同时对纯电动汽车和内燃机车的行程时间影响最小.
英文摘要：
This paper develops and investigates the impacts of multi-objective Nash optimum (user equilibrium) traffic assignment on a large-scale network for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) in a microscopic traffic simulation environment. Eco-routing is a technique that finds the most energy efficient route. ICEV and BEV energy consumption patterns are significantly different with regard to their sensitivity to driving cycles. Unlike ICEVs, BEVs are more energy efficient on low-speed arterial trips compared to highway trips. Different energy consumption patterns require different eco-routing strategies for ICEVs and BEVs. This study found that eco-routing could reduce energy consumption for BEVs but also significantly increases their average travel time. The simulation study found that multi-objective routing could reduce the energy consumption of BEVs by 13.5, 14.2, 12.9, and 10.7 percent, as well as the fuel consumption of ICEVs by 0.1, 4.3, 3.4, and 10.6 percent for "not congested", "slightly congested", "moderately congested", and "highly congested" conditions, respectively. The study also found that multi-objective user equilibrium routing reduced the average vehicle travel time by up to 10.1% compared to the standard user equilibrium traffic assignment for the highly congested conditions, producing a solution closer to the system optimum traffic assignment. The results indicate that the multi-objective eco-routing can effectively reduce fuel/energy consumption with minimum impacts on travel times for both BEVs and ICEVs.
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