生态路线如何影响系统总排放量？基于用户均衡模型的城市网络预测
How Does Eco-Routing Affect Total System Emissions? City Network Predictions From User Equilibrium Models
摘要：
运输在所有温室气体排放中占很大比例。减少这种排放的一种方法是修改车辆的路线选择，以最大限度地减少其燃料消耗或排放，这被称为生态路线。大多数生态路线是基于车辆选择的路线，最大限度地减少其个人的燃料消耗或排放。Braess悖论表明，当车辆选择路线，以最大限度地减少他们的个人目标，总的效果可能会矛盾地导致相反的净效应，由于拥堵模式的变化。我们构建了一个多类用户均衡模型，其中一些车辆使用生态路由和其他人寻求最大限度地减少他们的个人旅行时间。使用这个模型，我们表明，存在的Braess悖论的生态路由。如果大量车辆都在努力减少其燃料消耗或排放，则总燃料消耗或排放可能会增加。然后，我们解决了多类用户的平衡公开可用的城市网络数据，并发现生态路由的结果在一些城市网络的燃料消耗和排放量的增加。
英文摘要：
Transportation contributes a substantial fraction of all greenhouse gas emissions. One approach for reducing such emissions is to modify vehicles' route choices to minimize their fuel consumption or emission, which is known as eco-routing. Most eco-routing is based on vehicles choosing routes that minimize their individual fuel consumption or emissions. The Braess paradox demonstrates that when vehicles choose routes to minimize their individual goals, the aggregate effect may paradoxically result in the opposite net effect due to changes in congestion patterns. We construct a multiclass user equilibrium model in which some vehicles use eco-routing and others seek to minimize their individual travel times. Using this model, we show that the Braess paradox exists for eco-routing. If a large number of vehicles are trying to minimize their fuel consumption or emissions, the total fuel consumption or emissions may increase. We then solve the multiclass user equilibrium on publicly available city network data, and find that eco-routing results in increases in fuel consumption and emissions on some city networks as well.
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