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arXiv 2104.09314gr-qc
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标度不变性、视界和暴胀

Scale Invariance, Horizons, and Inflation

Andre Maeder, Vesselin Gueorguiev

摘要:

麦克斯韦方程组和广义相对论方程组在真空中是尺度不变的。电磁学中电荷或电流的存在,或者宇宙学中物质的存在,都阻碍了标度不变性。问题是,视界内需要多少物质才能消除标度不变性。标度不变场方程,首先由狄拉克在1973年提出,然后由卡努托等人在1977年重新提出,提供了解决这个问题的起点。由此产生的宇宙学模型表明,只要存在物质,尺度不变性的影响从ρ=0到ρ_c迅速下降,并且对于ρ_c以上的密度是禁止的。在这种情况下,标度不变性的缺乏与关于因果联系的考虑是一致的。在ρ_c以下,标度不变性表现为一种开放的可能性,这也取决于标度不变性背景下暴胀的发生。在本方法中,我们确定的标量场的空的空间中的标度不变的真空(SIV)的背景下,标量场的能量密度的真空在通货膨胀的表达。这导致对潜力的一些限制。这一发现也解决了所谓的"宇宙学常数问题“。在标度不变性的框架下,我们还预言了一个具有大量e折叠的暴胀。我们的结论是,密度低于ρ c的模型的标度不变性是一个开放的可能性;最终的答案可能来自高红移观测,那里出现了与LCDM模型的差异。

英文摘要:

Maxwell equations and the equations of General Relativity are scale invariant in empty space. The presence of charge or currents in electromagnetism or the presence of matter in cosmology are preventing scale invariance. The question arises on how much matter within the horizon is necessary to kill scale invariance. The scale invariant field equation, first written by Dirac in 1973 and then revisited by Canuto et al. in 1977, provides the starting point to address this question. The resulting cosmological models show that, as soon as matter is present, the effects of scale invariance rapidly decline from ρ=0 to ρ_c and are forbidden for densities above ρ_c. The absence of scale invariance in this case is consistent with considerations about causal connection. Below ρ_c, scale invariance appears as an open possibility, which also depends on the occurrence of inflation in the scale invariant context. In the present approach, we identify the scalar field of the empty space in the Scale Invariant Vacuum (SIV) context to the scalar field ϕin the energy density expression of the vacuum at inflation. This leads to some constraints on the potential. This identification also solves the so-called ``cosmological constant problem''. In the framework of scale invariance,an inflation with a large number of e-foldings is also predicted. We conclude that scale invariance for models with densities below ρ_c is an open possibility; the final answer may come from high redshift observations, where differences from the LCDM models appear.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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