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arXiv 2104.08113astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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关于使用RR天琴座作为银河系探测器。III。$α$元素丰度

On the Use of Field RR Lyrae as Galactic Probes. III. The $α$-element abundances

J. Crestani, V. F. Braga, M. Fabrizio, G. Bono, C. Sneden, G. W. Preston, I. Ferraro, G. Iannicola, M. Nonino, G. Fiorentino, F. Thévenin, B. Lemasle, Z. Prudil… 展开作者

J. Crestani, V. F. Braga, M. Fabrizio, G. Bono, C. Sneden, G. W. Preston, I. Ferraro, G. Iannicola, M. Nonino, G. Fiorentino, F. Thévenin, B. Lemasle, Z. Prudil, A. Alves-Brito, G. Altavilla, B. Chaboyer, M. Dall'Ora, V. D'Orazi, C. K. Gilligan, E. Grebel, A. J. Koch-Hansen, H. Lala, M. Marengo, S. Marinoni, P. M. Marrese, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez, N. Matsunaga, M. Monelli, J. P. Mullen, J. Neeley, R. da Silva, P. B. Stetson, M. Salaris, J. Storm, E. Valenti, M. Zoccali

摘要:

我们通过使用高分辨率光谱提供了野外天琴座RR(RRL,162个变量)最大且最均匀的$α$ -元素(Mg、Ca、Ti)和铁丰度样本。目前的测量补充了类似的丰度在文献中的46场RRL带来了我们的金属丰度规模。我们最终得到了一个旧的(t $\ge$ 10 Gyr)低质量恒星示踪剂样本(208个RRL:169个基波,38个第一泛音,1个混合模式),覆盖了铁丰度的三个指数(-3.00 $\le$ [Fe/H] $\le$ 0.24)。我们发现,在富金属区域,场RRL比典型的Halo示踪剂的$α$ -贫$\sim$ 0.3倍([Fe/H] $\ge$ -1.2),而在贫金属区域([Fe/H] $\le$ -2.2),它们似乎平均多$\sim$ 0.1倍($α$ -增强)。这是第一次,耗尽的$α$ -太阳能铁丰度元素的基础上检测到的一个大的,均匀的和同时代的老恒星示踪剂样品。有趣的是,我们还发现人马座矮星系中$α$贫乏、金属丰富的RRL和红巨星(RG)之间以及超微弱矮星系中$α$增强、金属贫乏的RRL和RG之间的[ $α$ /Fe]趋势非常相似。这些结果支持类似的元素丰度的46场水平分支(HB)星。这些恒星与RRL共享相同的进化阶段和相同的祖先。这一证据进一步支持了旧恒星示踪剂在限制晕早期化学富集方面的关键作用,特别是在调查矮星系对银河系质量组装的影响方面。

英文摘要:

We provide the largest and most homogeneous sample of $α$-element (Mg, Ca, Ti) and iron abundances for field RR Lyrae (RRLs, 162 variables) by using high-resolution spectra. The current measurements were complemented with similar abundances available in the literature for 46 field RRLs brought to our metallicity scale. We ended up with a sample of old (t$\ge$ 10 Gyr), low-mass stellar tracers (208 RRLs: 169 fundamental, 38 first overtone, 1 mixed mode) covering three dex in iron abundance (-3.00$\le$[Fe/H]$\le$0.24). We found that field RRLs are $\sim$0.3 dex more $α$-poor than typical Halo tracers in the metal-rich regime, ([Fe/H]$\ge$-1.2) while in the metal-poor regime ([Fe/H]$\le$-2.2) they seem to be on average $\sim$0.1 dex more $α$-enhanced. This is the first time that the depletion in $α$-elements for solar iron abundances is detected on the basis of a large, homogeneous and coeval sample of old stellar tracers. Interestingly, we also detected a close similarity in the [$α$/Fe] trend between $α$-poor, metal-rich RRLs and red giants (RGs) in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy as well as between $α$-enhanced, metal-poor RRLs and RGs in ultra faint dwarf galaxies. These results are supported by similar elemental abundances for 46 field Horizontal Branch (HB) stars. These stars share with RRLs the same evolutionary phase and the same progenitors. This evidence further supports the key role that old stellar tracers play in constraining the early chemical enrichment of the Halo and, in particular, in investigating the impact that dwarf galaxies have had in the mass assembly of the Galaxy.

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