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arXiv 2104.05081eess.SP
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相干光学系统中神经网络自适应器的迁移学习

Transfer Learning for Neural Networks-based Equalizers in Coherent Optical Systems

Pedro J. Freire, Daniel Abode, Jaroslaw E. Prilepsky, Nelson Costa, Bernhard Spinnler, Antonio Napoli, Sergei K. Turitsyn

摘要:

在这项工作中,我们解决的问题,人工神经网络(NN)用于减轻光传输系统中的损伤的适应性。我们证明,通过使用基于迁移学习概念的成熟技术,我们可以有效地重新训练基于NN的均衡器,以适应传输系统的变化,只需使用初始训练数据或时期的一小部分(低至1%)。我们评估了迁移学习的能力,以适应神经网络的发射功率,调制格式,符号率,甚至光纤工厂(不同的光纤类型和长度)的变化。数值示例利用最近引入的NN均衡器,其由与双向长短期记忆(biLSTM)递归NN元件耦合的卷积层组成。我们的分析集中在两种类型的光纤的长距离相干光传输系统:标准单模光纤(SSMF)和TrueWave经典(TWC)光纤。我们强调了在相干光通信系统中转移学习时发生的具体特点,并得出了转移学习效率的限制。我们的研究结果证明了迁移学习对于NN架构快速适应不同传输机制和场景的有效性,为工程灵活和通用的非线性缓解解决方案铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

In this work, we address the question of the adaptability of artificial neural networks (NNs) used for impairments mitigation in optical transmission systems. We demonstrate that by using well-developed techniques based on the concept of transfer learning, we can efficaciously retrain NN-based equalizers to adapt to the changes in the transmission system, using just a fraction (down to 1%) of the initial training data or epochs. We evaluate the capability of transfer learning to adapt the NN to changes in the launch power, modulation format, symbol rate, or even fiber plants (different fiber types and lengths). The numerical examples utilize the recently introduced NN equalizer consisting of a convolutional layer coupled with bi-directional long-short term memory (biLSTM) recurrent NN element. Our analysis focuses on long-haul coherent optical transmission systems for two types of fibers: the standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and the TrueWave Classic (TWC) fiber. We underline the specific peculiarities that occur when transferring the learning in coherent optical communication systems and draw the limits for the transfer learning efficiency. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of transfer learning for the fast adaptation of NN architectures to different transmission regimes and scenarios, paving the way for engineering flexible and universal solutions for nonlinearity mitigation.

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