混合可重构智能超表面：为6G无线通信实现同时可调反射与感知
Hybrid Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurfaces: Enabling Simultaneous Tunable Reflections and Sensing for 6G Wireless Communications
AI总结：
本文提出混合反射与感知可重构智能表面（HRIS），在可控反射信号的同时感知部分信号，以解决RIS缺乏本地信息和信道估计难题，并验证其硬件设计及全信道与参数化信道估计能力。
摘要：
关于即将到来的第六代（6G）无线通信的最新讨论，正在将未来网络设想为一个统一的通信、感知与计算平台。最近提出的智能无线电环境概念，由可重构智能表面（RISs）实现，通过提供信息承载信号的可编程传播，为这一愿景做出了贡献。典型的RIS实现包括具有几乎无源单元元素的超表面，能够以可控方式反射其入射波。然而，这种仅反射的操作给无线网络编排器对RIS的优化带来了重大挑战。例如，RIS缺乏在本地调谐其反射模式所需的信息，这些信息只能由其他网络实体获取，然后共享给RIS控制器。此外，对于相干RIS赋能的通信至关重要的信道估计，在现有的RIS设计下具有挑战性。本文回顾了新兴的混合反射与感知RIS（HRISs）概念，该概念使超表面能够以可控方式反射入射信号，同时感知其中一部分信号。HRISs的感知能力促进了各种网络管理功能，包括信道参数估计和定位，同时催生了潜在的计算自主和自配置超表面。我们讨论了HRISs的硬件设计，并详细介绍了一个全波电磁概念验证。重点阐述了HRISs与仅反射型对应物相比的独特性质，并给出了一项仿真研究，评估其执行全信道和参数化信道估计的能力。文中还包含了由HRIS概念产生的未来研究挑战与机遇。
英文摘要：
The latest discussions on the upcoming sixth Generation (6G) of wireless communications are envisioning future networks as a unified communications, sensing, and computing platform. The recently conceived concept of the smart radio environment, enabled by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs), contributes towards this vision offering programmable propagation of information-bearing signals. Typical RIS implementations include metasurfaces with almost passive unit elements capable of reflecting their incident waves in controllable ways. However, this solely reflective operation induces significant challenges for the RIS optimization from the wireless network orchestrator. For example, RISs lack information to locally tune their reflection pattern, which can only be acquired by other network entities, and then shared with the RIS controller. Furthermore, channel estimation, which is essential for coherent RIS-empowered communications, is challenging with the available RIS designs. This article reviews the emerging concept of Hybrid reflecting and sensing RISs (HRISs), which enables metasurfaces to reflect the impinging signal in a controllable manner, while simultaneously sensing a portion of it. The sensing capability of HRISs facilitates various network management functionalities, including channel parameter estimation and localization, while giving rise to potentially computationally autonomous and self-configuring metasurfaces. We discuss a hardware design for HRISs and detail a full-wave electromagnetic proof of concept. The distinctive properties of HRISs, in comparison to their solely reflective counterparts, are highlighted and a simulation study evaluating their capability for performing full and parametric channel estimation is presented. Future research challenges and opportunities arising from the HRIS concept are also included.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
