Recently, sound-based COVID-19 detection studies have shown great promise to achieve scalable and prompt digital pre-screening. However, there are still two unsolved issues hindering the practice. First, collected datasets for model training are often imbalanced, with a considerably smaller proportion of users tested positive, making it harder to learn representative and robust features. Second, deep learning models are generally overconfident in their predictions. Clinically, false predictions aggravate healthcare costs. Estimation of the uncertainty of screening would aid this. To handle these issues, we propose an ensemble framework where multiple deep learning models for sound-based COVID-19 detection are developed from different but balanced subsets from original data. As such, data are utilized more effectively compared to traditional up-sampling and down-sampling approaches: an AUC of 0.74 with a sensitivity of 0.68 and a specificity of 0.69 is achieved. Simultaneously, we estimate uncertainty from the disagreement across multiple models. It is shown that false predictions often yield higher uncertainty, enabling us to suggest the users with certainty higher than a threshold to repeat the audio test on their phones or to take clinical tests if digital diagnosis still fails. This study paves the way for a more robust sound-based COVID-19 automated screening system.
Testing capacity for COVID-19 remains a challenge globally due to the lack of adequate supplies, trained personnel, and sample-processing equipment. These problems are even more acute in rural and underdeveloped regions. We demonstrate that solicited-cough sounds collected over a phone, when analysed by our AI model, have statistically significant signal indicative of COVID-19 status (AUC 0.72, t-test,p <0.01,95% CI 0.61-0.83). This holds true for asymptomatic patients as well. Towards this, we collect the largest known(to date) dataset of microbiologically confirmed COVID-19 cough sounds from…
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a treacherous and devastating catastrophe for humanity. At the time of writing, no specific antivirus drugs or vaccines are recommended to control infection transmission and spread. The current diagnosis of COVID-19 is done by Reverse-Transcription Polymer Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) testing. However, this method is expensive, time-consuming, and not easily available in straitened regions. An interpretable and COVID-19 diagnosis AI framework is devised and developed based on the cough sounds features and symptoms metadata…
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Alan Turing Institute（艾伦·图灵研究所）
Audio signals generated by the human body (e.g., sighs, breathing, heart, digestion, vibration sounds) have routinely been used by clinicians as indicators to diagnose disease or assess disease progression. Until recently, such signals were usually collected through manual auscultation at scheduled visits. Research has now started to use digital technology to gather bodily sounds (e.g., from digital stethoscopes) for cardiovascular or respiratory examination, which could then be used for automatic analysis. Some initial work shows promise in detecting diagnostic signals of COVID-19 from voice …
University of Brighton（布莱顿大学）；Royal Holloway University of London（伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院）
Audio classification using breath and cough samples has recently emerged as a low-cost, non-invasive, and accessible COVID-19 screening method. However, a comprehensive survey shows that no application has been approved for official use at the time of writing, due to the stringent reliability and accuracy requirements of the critical healthcare setting. To support the development of Machine Learning classification models, we performed an extensive comparative investigation and ranking of 15 audio features, including less well-known ones. The results were verified on two independent COVID-19 so…
The issue in respiratory sound classification has attained good attention from the clinical scientists and medical researcher's group in the last year to diagnosing COVID-19 disease. To date, various models of Artificial Intelligence (AI) entered into the real-world to detect the COVID-19 disease from human-generated sounds such as voice/speech, cough, and breath. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is implemented for solving a lot of real-world problems on machines based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). In this context, one dimension (1D) CNN is suggested and implemented to diagnose …
University of Augsburg（奥格斯堡大学）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world unevenly; while industrial economies have been able to produce the tests necessary to track the spread of the virus and mostly avoided complete lockdowns, developing countries have faced issues with testing capacity. In this paper, we explore the usage of deep learning models as a ubiquitous, low-cost, pre-testing method for detecting COVID-19 from audio recordings of breathing or coughing taken with mobile devices or via the web. We adapt an ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks that utilise raw breathing and coughing audio and spectrograms to …
Indian Institute of Science（印度科学学院）；Ramaiah Medical College Hospital（拉马亚医学院医院）；General Hospital, Hoskote（霍斯考特综合医院）；PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research（PSG医学科学与研究院）
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated research on design of alternative, quick and effective COVID-19 diagnosis approaches. In this paper, we describe the Coswara tool, a website application designed to enable COVID-19 detection by analysing respiratory sound samples and health symptoms. A user using this service can log into a website using any device connected to the internet, provide there current health symptom information and record few sound sampled corresponding to breathing, cough, and speech. Within a minute of analysis of this information on a cloud server the website tool will outpu…
The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）
Computer audition (CA) has been demonstrated to be efficient in healthcare domains for speech-affecting disorders (e.g., autism spectrum, depression, or Parkinson's disease) and body sound-affecting abnormalities (e. g., abnormal bowel sounds, heart murmurs, or snore sounds). Nevertheless, CA has been underestimated in the considered data-driven technologies for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. In this light, summarise the most recent advances in CA for COVID-19 speech and/or sound analysis. While the milestones achieved are encouraging, there are yet not an…
The COVID-19 pandemic presents global challenges transcending boundaries of country, race, religion, and economy. The current gold standard method for COVID-19 detection is the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. However, this method is expensive, time-consuming, and violates social distancing. Also, as the pandemic is expected to stay for a while, there is a need for an alternate diagnosis tool which overcomes these limitations, and is deployable at a large scale. The prominent symptoms of COVID-19 include cough and breathing difficulties. We foresee that respira…
In this study, we proposed a machine learning-based system to distinguish patients with COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 patients by analyzing only a single cough sound. Two different data sets were used, one accessible for the public and the other available on request. After combining the data sets, the features were obtained from the cough sounds using the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) method, and then they were classified with seven different machine learning classifiers. To determine the optimum values of hyperparameters for MFCCs and classifiers, the leave-one-out cross-validation…
The technology development for point-of-care tests (POCTs) targeting respiratory diseases has witnessed a growing demand in the recent past. Investigating the presence of acoustic biomarkers in modalities such as cough, breathing and speech sounds, and using them for building POCTs can offer fast, contactless and inexpensive testing. In view of this, over the past year, we launched the ``Coswara'' project to collect cough, breathing and speech sound recordings via worldwide crowdsourcing. With this data, a call for development of diagnostic tools was announced in the Interspeech 2021 as a spec…
The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced a COVID-19 was a global pandemic in March 2020. It was initially started in china in the year 2019 December and affected an expanding number of nations in various countries in the last few months. In this particular situation, many techniques, methods, and AI-based classification algorithms are put in the spotlight in reacting to fight against it and reduce the rate of such a global health crisis. COVID-19's main signs are heavy temperature, different cough, cold, breathing shortness, and a combination of loss of sense of smell and chest tightn…
Recently there has been a formidable work which has been put up from the people who are working in the frontlines such as hospitals, clinics, and labs alongside researchers and scientists who are also putting tremendous efforts in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the preposterous spread of the virus, the integration of the artificial intelligence has taken a considerable part in the health sector, by implementing the fundamentals of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and deep learning algorithms. In this paper, we illustrate the importance of speech signal processing in the extracti…
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）
Researchers have been battling with the question of how we can identify Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases efficiently, affordably and at scale. Recent work has shown how audio based approaches, which collect respiratory audio data (cough, breathing and voice) can be used for testing, however there is a lack of exploration of how biases and methodological decisions impact these tools' performance in practice. In this paper, we explore the realistic performance of audio-based digital testing of COVID-19. To investigate this, we collected a large crowdsourced respiratory audio dataset through …
University of Coimbra（科英布拉大学）；Aristotle University of Thessaloniki（塞萨洛尼基亚里士多德大学）；“G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital（“G.帕帕尼古拉乌”综合医院）
Mechanically ventilated patients typically exhibit abnormal respiratory sounds. Squawks are short inspiratory adventitious sounds that may occur in patients with pneumonia, such as COVID-19 patients. In this work we devised a method for squawk detection in mechanically ventilated patients by developing algorithms for respiratory cycle estimation, squawk candidate identification, feature extraction, and clustering. The best classifier reached an F1 of 0.48 at the sound file level and an F1 of 0.66 at the recording session level. These preliminary results are promising, as they were obtained in …
In the break of COVID-19 pandemic, mass testing has become essential to reduce the spread of the virus. Several recent studies suggest that a significant number of COVID-19 patients display no physical symptoms whatsoever. Therefore, it is unlikely that these patients will undergo COVID-19 test, which increases their chances of unintentionally spreading the virus. Currently, the primary diagnostic tool to detect COVID-19 is RT-PCR test on collected respiratory specimens from the suspected case. This requires patients to travel to a laboratory facility to be tested, thereby potentially infectin…
Imperial College London（伦敦帝国学院）；University of Augsburg（奥格斯堡大学）；audEERING GmbH（audEERING有限公司）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
At the time of writing, the world population is suffering from more than 10,000 registered COVID-19 disease epidemic induced deaths since the outbreak of the Corona virus more than three months ago now officially known as SARS-CoV-2. Since, tremendous efforts have been made worldwide to counter-steer and control the epidemic by now labelled as pandemic. In this contribution, we provide an overview on the potential for computer audition (CA), i.e., the usage of speech and sound analysis by artificial intelligence to help in this scenario. We first survey which types of related or contextually s…
The usage of smartphone-collected respiratory sound, trained with deep learning models, for detecting and classifying COVID-19 becomes popular recently. It removes the need for in-person testing procedures especially for rural regions where related medical supplies, experienced workers, and equipment are limited. However, existing sound-based diagnostic approaches are trained in a fully supervised manner, which requires large scale well-labelled data. It is critical to discover new methods to leverage unlabelled respiratory data, which can be obtained more easily. In this paper, we propose a n…
University of Augsburg（奥格斯堡大学）；Medical University of Graz（格拉茨医科大学）；Imperial College（帝国理工学院）
More than two years after its outbreak, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to plague medical systems around the world, putting a strain on scarce resources, and claiming human lives. From the very beginning, various AI-based COVID-19 detection and monitoring tools have been pursued in an attempt to stem the tide of infections through timely diagnosis. In particular, computer audition has been suggested as a non-invasive, cost-efficient, and eco-friendly alternative for detecting COVID-19 infections through vocal sounds. However, like all AI methods, also computer audition is heavily dependent on …
The present work proposes a deep-learning-based approach for the classification of COVID-19 coughs from non-COVID-19 coughs and that can be used as a low-resource-based tool for early detection of the onset of such respiratory diseases. The proposed system uses the ResNet-50 architecture, a popularly known Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image recognition tasks, fed with the log-Mel spectrums of the audio data to discriminate between the two types of coughs. For the training and validation of the proposed deep learning model, this work utilizes the Track-1 dataset provided by the DiCOVA…
Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University（宗古尔达克·比伦特·埃杰维特大学）；Eregli Iron and Steel Co.（埃雷利钢铁公司）
The disease called the new coronavirus (COVID19) is a new viral respiratory disease that first appeared on January 13, 2020 in Wuhan, China. Some of the symptoms of this disease are fever, cough, shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing. In more serious cases, death may occur as a result of infection. COVID19 emerged as a pandemic that affected the whole world in a little while. The most important issue in the fight against the epidemic is the early diagnosis and follow-up of COVID19 (+) patients. Therefore, in addition to the RT-PCR test, medical imaging methods are also used when iden…
Samsung Research and Development Institute Bangalore（三星班加罗尔研发院）
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in more than 125 million infections and more than 2.7 million casualties. In this paper, we attempt to classify covid vs non-covid cough sounds using signal processing and deep learning methods. Air turbulence, the vibration of tissues, movement of fluid through airways, opening, and closure of glottis are some of the causes for the production of the acoustic sound signals during cough. Does the COVID-19 alter the acoustic characteristics of breath, cough, and speech sounds produced through the respiratory system? This is an open question waiting for answers.…
EURECOM；University of Granada（格拉纳达大学）；Biometric Vox S.L.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the saturation of public health services worldwide. In this scenario, the early diagnosis of SARS-Cov-2 infections can help to stop or slow the spread of the virus and to manage the demand upon health services. This is especially important when resources are also being stretched by heightened demand linked to other seasonal diseases, such as the flu. In this context, the organisers of the DiCOVA 2021 challenge have collected a database with the aim of diagnosing COVID-19 through the use of coughing audio samples. This work presents the details of the automatic …
Lately, there has been a global effort by multiple research groups to detect COVID-19 from voice. Different researchers use different kinds of information from the voice signal to achieve this. Various types of phonated sounds and the sound of cough and breath have all been used with varying degree of success in automated voice-based COVID-19 detection apps. In this paper, we show that detecting COVID-19 from voice does not require custom-made non-standard features or complicated neural network classifiers rather it can be successfully done with just standard features and simple binary classif…
Indian Institute of Science（印度科学研究院）；P. D. Hinduja Hospital（P. D. 欣杜贾医院）；KMC Hospital（KMC 医院）
The DiCOVA challenge aims at accelerating research in diagnosing COVID-19 using acoustics (DiCOVA), a topic at the intersection of speech and audio processing, respiratory health diagnosis, and machine learning. This challenge is an open call for researchers to analyze a dataset of sound recordings collected from COVID-19 infected and non-COVID-19 individuals for a two-class classification. These recordings were collected via crowdsourcing from multiple countries, through a website application. The challenge features two tracks, one focusing on cough sounds, and the other on using a collection…
Institute of Information and Decision Technology, Dalian University of Technology（大连理工大学信息与决策技术研究所）；Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学数据科学研究所）
In this paper, we propose a deep residual network-based method, namely the DiCOVA-Net, to identify COVID-19 infected patients based on the acoustic recording of their coughs. Since there are far more healthy people than infected patients, this classification problem faces the challenge of imbalanced data. To improve the model's ability to recognize minority class (the infected patients), we introduce data augmentation and cost-sensitive methods into our model. Besides, considering the particularity of this task, we deploy some fine-tuning techniques to adjust the pre-training ResNet50. Further…
Phonation, or the vibration of the vocal folds, is the primary source of vocalization in the production of voiced sounds by humans. It is a complex bio-mechanical process that is highly sensitive to changes in the speaker's respiratory parameters. Since most symptomatic cases of COVID-19 present with moderate to severe impairment of respiratory functions, we hypothesize that signatures of COVID-19 may be observable by examining the vibrations of the vocal folds. Our goal is to validate this hypothesis, and to quantitatively characterize the changes observed to enable the detection of COVID-19 …
Developing a Multi-variate Prediction Model For COVID-19 From Crowd-sourced Respiratory Voice Data
Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University（数据科学研究所，马斯特里赫特大学）；Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University（呼吸科部门，马斯特里赫特大学医学中心，马斯特里赫特大学）
COVID-19 Diagnosis from Cough Acoustics using ConvNets and Data Augmentation
Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, India 788010（电子与通信工程系，印度尼特理工学院，西尔CHAR，印度788010）；Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology,Silchar, India 788010（计算机科学与工程系，印度尼特理工学院，西尔CHAR，印度788010）；Software Engineering Department, Paytm, Noida, India 110096（软件工程系，Paytm，印度诺伊达，印度110096）；Mathematics in Computer Science, University of Science of HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 700000（计算机科学中的数学，河内科学大学，胡志明市，越南700000）
COVID-19 has affected more than 223 countries worldwide. There is a pressing need for non invasive, low costs and highly scalable solutions to detect COVID-19, especially in low-resource countries where PCR testing is not ubiquitously available. Our aim is to develop a deep learning model identifying COVID-19 using voice data recordings spontaneously provided by the general population (voice recordings and a short questionnaire) via their personal devices. The novelty of this work is in the development of a deep learning model for the identification of COVID-19 patients from voice recordings. …
We seek to evaluate the detection performance of a rapid primary screening tool of Covid-19 solely based on the cough sound from 8,380 clinically validated samples with laboratory molecular-test (2,339 Covid-19 positives and 6,041 Covid-19 negatives). Samples were clinically labeled according to the results and severity based on quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, cycle threshold, and lymphocytes count from the patients. Our proposed generic method is an algorithm based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) with subsequent classification based on a tensor of audio features and a deep artif…
Stellenbosch University（斯泰伦博斯大学）；SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research（南非医学研究理事会结核病研究中心）
We present an experimental investigation into the effectiveness of transfer learning and bottleneck feature extraction in detecting COVID-19 from audio recordings of cough, breath and speech. This type of screening is non-contact, does not require specialist medical expertise or laboratory facilities and can be deployed on inexpensive consumer hardware. We use datasets that contain recordings of coughing, sneezing, speech and other noises, but do not contain COVID-19 labels, to pre-train three deep neural networks: a CNN, an LSTM and a Resnet50. These pre-trained networks are subsequently eith…
The development of fast and accurate screening tools, which could facilitate testing and prevent more costly clinical tests, is key to the current pandemic of COVID-19. In this context, some initial work shows promise in detecting diagnostic signals of COVID-19 from audio sounds. In this paper, we propose a voice-based framework to automatically detect individuals who have tested positive for COVID-19. We evaluate the performance of the proposed framework on a subset of data crowdsourced from our app, containing 828 samples from 343 participants. By combining voice signals and reported symptom…
Virufy；University of South Dakota（南达科他大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Duke University（杜克大学）；University of California San Francisco（加州大学旧金山分校）；Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；University of California Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；University of California, San Diego（加州大学圣地亚哥分校）
The Covid-19 pandemic has been one of the most devastating events in recent history, claiming the lives of more than 5 million people worldwide. Even with the worldwide distribution of vaccines, there is an apparent need for affordable, reliable, and accessible screening techniques to serve parts of the World that do not have access to Western medicine. Artificial Intelligence can provide a solution utilizing cough sounds as a primary screening mode for COVID-19 diagnosis. This paper presents multiple models that have achieved relatively respectable performance on the largest evaluation datase…
Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning method that has been proposed to allow training of models using data from many different clients, without these clients having to transfer all their data to a central server. There has as yet been relatively little consideration of FL or other privacy-preserving methods in audio. In this paper, we investigate using FL for a sound event detection task using audio from the FSD50K dataset. Audio is split into clients based on uploader metadata. This results in highly imbalanced subsets of data between clients, noted as a key issue i…
Coswara: A respiratory sounds and symptoms dataset for remote screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Indian Institute of Science（印度科学学院）；Fraunhofer Institute of Integrated Circuits（弗劳恩霍夫集成电路研究所）；Ramaiah Medical College Hospital（拉马亚医学院医院）；General Hospital, Hoskote（霍斯科特综合医院）；PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research（PSG医学科学与研究学院）
Optimising MFCC parameters for the automatic detection of respiratory diseases
Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University（数据科学研究所，马斯特里赫特大学）；Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University（呼吸科系，营养与代谢转化研究 institute，健康医学与生命科学学院，马斯特里赫特大学）；Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre（呼吸科系，马斯特里赫特大学医学中心）；Department of Research and Development, Ciro（研发部，Ciro）
Towards reliable respiratory disease diagnosis based on cough sounds and vision transformers
Luca Healthcare（卢卡医疗）；Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine（上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院）；Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Disease（上海市呼吸道传染病应急防控诊治重点实验室）
Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；Griffith University（格里菲斯大学）；University of Augsburg（奥格斯堡大学）
Respiratory sound classification is an important tool for remote screening of respiratory-related diseases such as pneumonia, asthma, and COVID-19. To facilitate the interpretability of classification results, especially ones based on deep learning, many explanation methods have been proposed using prototypes. However, existing explanation techniques often assume that the data is non-biased and the prediction results can be explained by a set of prototypical examples. In this work, we develop a unified example-based explanation method for selecting both representative data (prototypes) and out…
The Second Diagnosis of COVID-19 using Acoustics (DiCOVA) Challenge aimed at accelerating the research in acoustics based detection of COVID-19, a topic at the intersection of acoustics, signal processing, machine learning, and healthcare. This paper presents the details of the challenge, which was an open call for researchers to analyze a dataset of audio recordings consisting of breathing, cough and speech signals. This data was collected from individuals with and without COVID-19 infection, and the task in the challenge was a two-class classification. The development set audio recordings we…
Secretaría de Innovavión y Transformación Digital（创新与数字化转型秘书处）；Subsecretaría de Planificación Sanitaria（卫生规划副秘书处）；Ministerio de Salud（卫生部）
OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to evaluate the possibility of using cough audio recordings (spontaneous or simulated) to detect sound patterns in people who are diagnosed with COVID-19. The research question that led our work was: what is the sensitivity and specificity of a machine learning based COVID-19 cough classifier, using RT-PCR tests as gold standard? SETTING: The audio samples that were collected for this study belong to individuals who were swabbed in the City of Buenos Aires in 20 public and 1 private facilities where RT-PCR studies were carried out on patients suspected of COVID, and…
Federated learning (FL) aided health diagnostic models can incorporate data from a large number of personal edge devices (e.g., mobile phones) while keeping the data local to the originating devices, largely ensuring privacy. However, such a cross-device FL approach for health diagnostics still imposes many challenges due to both local data imbalance (as extreme as local data consists of a single disease class) and global data imbalance (the disease prevalence is generally low in a population). Since the federated server has no access to data distribution information, it is not trivial to solv…
University of Oklahoma（俄克拉荷马大学）；AI4Lyf LLC（AI4Lyf有限责任公司）；Kharkiv National Medical University（哈尔科夫国立医科大学）；Michigan State University（密歇根州立大学）；Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Center PC（过敏、哮喘与免疫学中心PC）
Background: The inability to test at scale has become humanity's Achille's heel in the ongoing war against the COVID-19 pandemic. A scalable screening tool would be a game changer. Building on the prior work on cough-based diagnosis of respiratory diseases, we propose, develop and test an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered screening solution for COVID-19 infection that is deployable via a smartphone app. The app, named AI4COVID-19 records and sends three 3-second cough sounds to an AI engine running in the cloud, and returns a result within two minutes. Methods: Cough is a symptom of over th…
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)（中国科学技术大学）；Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院声学研究所）
In this work, we propose a bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network based COVID-19 detection method using breath/speech/cough signals. By using the acoustic signals to train the network, respectively, we can build individual models for three tasks, whose parameters are averaged to obtain an average model, which is then used as the initialization for the BiLSTM model training of each task. This initialization method can significantly improve the performance on the three tasks, which surpasses the official baseline results. Besides, we also utilize a public pre-trained model wav2ve…
University of Toronto（多伦多大学）；Khulna University of Engineering and Technology（库尔纳工程技术大学）；Islamic University of Technology（伊斯兰技术大学）；Bangladesh University of Business and Technology（孟加拉国商业与技术大学）
To contain the spread of the virus and stop the overcrowding of hospitalized patients, the coronavirus pandemic crippled healthcare facilities, mandating lockdowns and promoting remote work. As a result, telehealth has become increasingly popular for offering low-risk care to patients. However, the difficulty of preventing the next potential waves of infection has increased by constant virus mutation into new forms and a general lack of test kits, particularly in developing nations. In this research, a unique cloud-based application for the early identification of individuals who may have COVI…
Ton Duc Thang University（孙德胜大学）；ASICLAND（ASICLAND公司）；Sejong University（世宗大学）；Hanoi University of Industry（河内工业大学）；Northeastern University（东北大学）；Deakin University（迪肯大学）
SARS-CoV-2 is colloquially known as COVID-19 that had an initial outbreak in December 2019. The deadly virus has spread across the world, taking part in the global pandemic disease since March 2020. In addition, a recent variant of SARS-CoV-2 named Delta is intractably contagious and responsible for more than four million deaths over the world. Therefore, it is vital to possess a self-testing service of SARS-CoV-2 at home. In this study, we introduce Fruit-CoV, a two-stage vision framework, which is capable of detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections through recorded cough sounds. Specifically, we conv…
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国高等科学技术院）；SM Instruments Inc.（SM仪器公司）
Coughing is a typical symptom of COVID-19. To detect and localize coughing sounds remotely, a convolutional neural network (CNN) based deep learning model was developed in this work and integrated with a sound camera for the visualization of the cough sounds. The cough detection model is a binary classifier of which the input is a two second acoustic feature and the output is one of two inferences (Cough or Others). Data augmentation was performed on the collected audio files to alleviate class imbalance and reflect various background noises in practical environments. For effective featuring o…
