失调和模式失配高阶厄米-高斯模的功率耦合损耗
Power coupling losses for misaligned and mode-mismatched higher-order Hermite-Gauss modes
摘要：
本文分析和数值研究了失调和模式失配引起的功率耦合系数和损耗与埃尔米高斯（HG）模式阶数的函数关系。我们表明，高阶HG模式更容易受到光束扰动时，例如，耦合到光学腔：未对准和模式失配引起的功率耦合损耗的比例线性和二次相对于模式指数。结果，相对于当前使用的$\mathrm{HG}_{0,0}$模式，$\mathrm{HG}_{3,3}$模式的模式失配容限减小到0.28倍。这是在未来的引力波探测器中使用高阶模来降低热噪声的一个潜在障碍。
英文摘要：
This paper analytically and numerically investigates misalignment and mode-mismatch induced power coupling coefficients and losses as a function of Hermite Gauss (HG) mode order. We show that higher-order HG modes are more susceptible to beam perturbations when, for example, coupling into optical cavities: the misalignment and mode-mismatch-induced power coupling losses scale linearly and quadratically with respect to the mode indices respectively. As a result, the mode-mismatch tolerance for the $\mathrm{HG}_{3,3}$ mode is reduced to a factor of 0.28 relative to the currently-used $\mathrm{HG}_{0,0}$ mode. This is a potential hurdle to using higher-order modes to reduce thermal noise in future gravitational-wave detectors.
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