Artificial Intelligence (AI) covers a broad spectrum of computational problems and use cases. Many of those implicate profound and sometimes intricate questions of how humans interact or should interact with AIs. Moreover, many users or future users do have abstract ideas of what AI is, significantly depending on the specific embodiment of AI applications. Human-centered-design approaches would suggest evaluating the impact of different embodiments on human perception of and interaction with AI. An approach that is difficult to realize due to the sheer complexity of application fields and embodiments in reality. However, here XR opens new possibilities to research human-AI interactions. The article's contribution is twofold: First, it provides a theoretical treatment and model of human-AI interaction based on an XR-AI continuum as a framework for and a perspective of different approaches of XR-AI combinations. It motivates XR-AI combinations as a method to learn about the effects of prospective human-AI interfaces and shows why the combination of XR and AI fruitfully contributes to a valid and systematic investigation of human-AI interactions and interfaces. Second, the article provides two exemplary experiments investigating the aforementioned approach for two distinct AI-systems. The first experiment reveals an interesting gender effect in human-robot interaction, while the second experiment reveals an Eliza effect of a recommender system. Here the article introduces two paradigmatic implementations of the proposed XR testbed for human-AI interactions and interfaces and shows how a valid and systematic investigation can be conducted. In sum, the article opens new perspectives on how XR benefits human-centered AI design and development.
Prospects for Using Artificial Intelligence to Understand Intrinsic Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions
organization= School of Chemical \& Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , addressline= 311 Ferst Drive NW , city= Atlanta , postcode= 30332 , state= GA , country= USA；organization= Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , addressline= 5000 Forbes Street , city= Pittsburgh , postcode= 15213 , state= PA , country= USA
Artificial Intelligence : from Research to Application ; the Upper-Rhine Artificial Intelligence Symposium (UR-AI 2019)
TriRhenaTech联盟大学及其合作伙伴在2019年3月13日在奥芬堡举行的三国会议“人工智能：从研究到应用”上展示了他们在人工智能领域的能力以及与行业的跨境合作。TriRhenaTech联盟是上莱茵河三国大都市区的大学网络，包括位于富特旺根、凯泽斯滕、卡尔斯鲁厄和奥芬堡的德国应用科学大学，巴登-符腾堡州合作州立大学Loerrach，法国大学网络阿尔萨斯理工大学，瑞士国立大学（由14所工程、建筑和管理领域的“高等院校”组成）和瑞士西北应用科学与艺术大学（University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland）。该联盟的共同目标是加强知识、研究和技术的转移，以及学生的跨境流动。
Watershed of Artificial Intelligence: Human Intelligence, Machine Intelligence, and Biological Intelligence
University of Brasilia（巴西利亚大学）；University of Sao Paulo（圣保罗大学）
本文回顾了23年前提出的“一次学习”机制，以及随后在图像分类中的“一次性学习”和在客观检测中的“You Only Look Once - YOLO”的成功。分析了人工智能（AI）的发展现状，提出AI应明确划分为人工人类智能（AHI）、人工机器智能（AMI）和人工生物智能（ABI），这也将是AI理论和应用发展的主要方向。作为人工智能分支的分水岭，讨论了一些分类标准和方法：1）面向人类、面向机器和面向生物的人工智能研发; 2）通过模糊度上升或模糊度下降处理的信息输入; 3）使用一个/几个或大样本进行知识学习。
