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arXiv 2103.14914astro-ph.HE
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高频BL磁重联X射线偏振的第一性原理预测

First-Principle Prediction of X-ray Polarization from Magnetic Reconnection in High-Frequency BL Lacs

Haocheng Zhang, Xiaocan Li, Dimitrios Giannios, Fan Guo

摘要:

相对论性磁重联是高频BL Lac(HBLs)的一种潜在粒子加速机制。计划于2021年发射的{ \it成像X射线偏振探测器}({ \it IXPE})有能力探测HBL中的磁场演化,检查HBL耀斑的磁重联场景。在本文中,我们第一次尝试自洽地预测由相对论磁重联通过结合粒子在细胞(PIC)和偏振辐射传输模拟所产生的HBL X射线偏振签名。我们发现,虽然内在的光学和X射线偏振度是相似的平均值,X射线偏振是更可变的偏振度和角度(PD和PA)。考虑到{ \it IXPE}的灵敏度,它可以获得附近亮HBL Mrk~421和501的一个耀斑事件的一个到几个偏振数据点。然而,它可能不能完全解决高度可变的X射线偏振。由于时间去偏振,其中在有限时间段内具有可变偏振状态的光子的积分可以降低检测到的PD,所测量的X射线PD可以显著低于光学对应物或者甚至不可检测。因此,比光学更低的X射线PD可以是相对论性磁重联的特征签名。对于非常明亮的耀斑的X射线偏振很好地解决,相对论磁重联预测平滑的X射线PA摆动,这源于大的等离子体团合并的重联区域。

英文摘要:

Relativistic magnetic reconnection is a potential particle acceleration mechanism for high-frequency BL Lacs (HBLs). The {\it Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer} ({\it IXPE}) scheduled to launch in 2021 has the capability to probe the magnetic field evolution in HBLs, examining the magnetic reconnection scenario for the HBL flares. In this paper, we make the first attempt to self-consistently predict HBL X-ray polarization signatures arising from relativistic magnetic reconnection via combined particle-in-cell (PIC) and polarized radiation transfer simulations. We find that although the intrinsic optical and X-ray polarization degrees are similar on average, the X-ray polarization is much more variable in both polarization degree and angle (PD and PA). Given the sensitivity of the {\it IXPE}, it may obtain one to a few polarization data points for one flaring event of nearby bright HBLs Mrk~421 and 501. However, it may not fully resolve the highly variable X-ray polarization. Due to the temporal depolarization, where the integration of photons with variable polarization states over a finite period of time can lower the detected PD, the measured X-ray PD can be considerably lower than the optical counterpart or even undetectable. The lower X-ray PD than the optical thus can be a characteristic signature of relativistic magnetic reconnection. For very bright flares where the X-ray polarization is well resolved, relativistic magnetic reconnection predicts smooth X-ray PA swings, which originate from large plasmoid mergers in the reconnection region.

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