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arXiv 2103.09896quant-ph
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多功能超导纳米线量子传感器

Multifunctional Superconducting Nanowire Quantum Sensors

Benjamin J Lawrie, Claire E. Marvinney, Yun-Yi Pai, Matthew A. Feldman, Jie Zhang, Aaron J. Miller, Chengyun Hua, Eugene Dumitrescu, Gábor B. Halász

摘要:

超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)提供高量子效率和低暗计数率的单光子探测。在越来越多的情况下,大磁场被纳入量子显微镜、纳米光子器件以及依赖SNSPD的核和高能物理传感器中,但超导器件通常在大磁场中运行不良。在这里,我们展示了强大的性能的非晶SNSPD在磁场高达$\pm 6$ T与一个可以忽略不计的暗计数率和不变的量子效率在典型的偏置电流。关键的是,我们还表明,在振荡制度,SNSPD可以被用作磁强计的灵敏度优于100 $\mathrm{μT/\sqrt{Hz}}$和作为温度计的灵敏度为20 $\mathrm{μK/\sqrt{Hz}}$在1 K。因此,集成到量子器件中的单光子检测器可以用作多功能量子传感器,其能够简单地通过改变偏置电流来描述芯片上的温度和磁场,以将操作模态从单光子检测改变为温度测定或磁力测定。

英文摘要:

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) offer high-quantum-efficiency and low-dark-count-rate single photon detection. In a growing number of cases, large magnetic fields are being incorporated into quantum microscopes, nanophotonic devices, and sensors for nuclear and high-energy physics that rely on SNSPDs, but superconducting devices generally operate poorly in large magnetic fields. Here, we demonstrate robust performance of amorphous SNSPDs in magnetic fields of up to $\pm 6$ T with a negligible dark count rate and unchanged quantum efficiency at typical bias currents. Critically, we also show that in the electrothermal oscillation regime, the SNSPD can be used as a magnetometer with sensitivity of better than 100 $\mathrm{μT/\sqrt{Hz}}$ and as a thermometer with sensitivity of 20 $\mathrm{μK/\sqrt{Hz}}$ at 1 K. Thus, a single photon detector integrated into a quantum device can be used as a multifunctional quantum sensor capable of describing the temperature and magnetic field on-chip simply by varying the bias current to change the operating modality from single photon detection to thermometry or magnetometry.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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