arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2103.08754stat.MEstat.AP
收藏

贝叶斯加性回归树在临床试验数据分析中的应用

Incorporating External Data into the Analysis of Clinical Trials via Bayesian Additive Regression Trees

Tianjian Zhou, Yuan Ji

摘要:

大多数临床试验涉及新治疗与对照组的比较(例如,护理标准)和处理效应的估计。外部数据,包括历史临床试验数据和真实世界的观察数据,通常可用于对照组。从外部数据中借用信息有望改善相关参数的估计,并增加检测处理效应(如果存在)的把握度。在本文中,我们建议使用贝叶斯加性回归树(BART)将外部数据纳入临床试验的分析,估计条件或人口平均处理效应的特定目标。BART自然地调整患者水平的协变量,并在不同的数据源中捕获潜在的异质处理效应,从而实现灵活的借用。仿真研究表明,BART优于分层线性模型和正态-正态分层模型。我们说明了所提出的方法与针灸试验。

英文摘要:

Most clinical trials involve the comparison of a new treatment to a control arm (e.g., the standard of care) and the estimation of a treatment effect. External data, including historical clinical trial data and real-world observational data, are commonly available for the control arm. Borrowing information from external data holds the promise of improving the estimation of relevant parameters and increasing the power of detecting a treatment effect if it exists. In this paper, we propose to use Bayesian additive regression trees (BART) for incorporating external data into the analysis of clinical trials, with a specific goal of estimating the conditional or population average treatment effect. BART naturally adjusts for patient-level covariates and captures potentially heterogeneous treatment effects across different data sources, achieving flexible borrowing. Simulation studies demonstrate that BART compares favorably to a hierarchical linear model and a normal-normal hierarchical model. We illustrate the proposed method with an acupuncture trial.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑