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arXiv 2103.05112cs.CVcs.AIcs.LG
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基于深度学习的医学决策支持--以皮肤癌诊断为例

Deep Learning Based Decision Support for Medicine -- A Case Study on Skin Cancer Diagnosis

Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz GmbH (DFKI)(德国人工智能研究中心);TU Kaiserslautern(凯泽斯劳滕工业大学)

Adriano Lucieri, Andreas Dengel, Sheraz Ahmed

摘要:

早期发现黑色素瘤等皮肤癌对于确保患者的高生存机会至关重要。基于深度学习(DL)的决策支持系统(DSS)在皮肤癌筛查中的临床应用有可能提高患者护理质量。医疗AI社区的大部分工作都集中在主要与自主操作相关的诊断设置上。然而,实际的决策支持应该超越简单的诊断,并提供解释。本文提供了一个概述的工作对解释,DL为基础的决策支持在医疗应用中的皮肤癌诊断的例子,从临床,皮肤镜和组织病理学图像。分析表明,很少有人注意到组织病理学皮肤图像的解释,目前的工作主要是视觉相关图以及皮肤镜特征识别。我们的结论是,未来的工作应侧重于满足利益相关者的认知概念,提供详尽的解释,结合全球和地方的方法,并利用不同的模式。此外,在行为不端的情况下干预和指导模型的可能性被认为是成功部署人工智能作为基于DL的DSS及其他的重要一步。

英文摘要:

Early detection of skin cancers like melanoma is crucial to ensure high chances of survival for patients. Clinical application of Deep Learning (DL)-based Decision Support Systems (DSS) for skin cancer screening has the potential to improve the quality of patient care. The majority of work in the medical AI community focuses on a diagnosis setting that is mainly relevant for autonomous operation. Practical decision support should, however, go beyond plain diagnosis and provide explanations. This paper provides an overview of works towards explainable, DL-based decision support in medical applications with the example of skin cancer diagnosis from clinical, dermoscopic and histopathologic images. Analysis reveals that comparably little attention is payed to the explanation of histopathologic skin images and that current work is dominated by visual relevance maps as well as dermoscopic feature identification. We conclude that future work should focus on meeting the stakeholder's cognitive concepts, providing exhaustive explanations that combine global and local approaches and leverage diverse modalities. Moreover, the possibility to intervene and guide models in case of misbehaviour is identified as a major step towards successful deployment of AI as DL-based DSS and beyond.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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