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arXiv 2103.02751cs.ROcs.NE
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机器人神经形态传感工具箱

A toolbox for neuromorphic sensing in robotics

Delft University of Technology(代尔夫特理工大学)

Julien Dupeyroux, Stein Stroobants, Guido de Croon

摘要:

由类脑计算引入的第三代人工智能(AI)正在彻底改变机器人和自主系统感知世界、处理信息以及与环境交互的方式。神经形态系统的高灵活性、能量效率和鲁棒性的承诺得到了用于模拟脉冲神经网络的软件工具和硬件集成(神经形态处理器)的广泛支持。然而,尽管已经在神经形态视觉(基于事件的相机)方面做出了努力,但值得注意的是,大多数可用于机器人的传感器仍然与类脑计算本质上不兼容,其中信息被编码为尖峰。为了方便传统传感器的使用,我们需要将输出信号转换为尖峰流,即,一系列事件(+1,-1)及其相应的时间戳。在本文中,我们提出了一个审查的编码算法,从机器人的角度来看,并进一步支持基准测试,以评估其性能。我们还介绍了一个ROS(机器人操作系统)工具箱编码和解码输入信号来自任何类型的传感器上的机器人。该计划旨在刺激和促进神经形态AI的机器人集成,并有机会使传统的现成传感器适应最强大的机器人工具之一ROS中的尖峰神经网络。

英文摘要:

The third generation of artificial intelligence (AI) introduced by neuromorphic computing is revolutionizing the way robots and autonomous systems can sense the world, process the information, and interact with their environment. The promises of high flexibility, energy efficiency, and robustness of neuromorphic systems is widely supported by software tools for simulating spiking neural networks, and hardware integration (neuromorphic processors). Yet, while efforts have been made on neuromorphic vision (event-based cameras), it is worth noting that most of the sensors available for robotics remain inherently incompatible with neuromorphic computing, where information is encoded into spikes. To facilitate the use of traditional sensors, we need to convert the output signals into streams of spikes, i.e., a series of events (+1, -1) along with their corresponding timestamps. In this paper, we propose a review of the coding algorithms from a robotics perspective and further supported by a benchmark to assess their performance. We also introduce a ROS (Robot Operating System) toolbox to encode and decode input signals coming from any type of sensor available on a robot. This initiative is meant to stimulate and facilitate robotic integration of neuromorphic AI, with the opportunity to adapt traditional off-the-shelf sensors to spiking neural nets within one of the most powerful robotic tools, ROS.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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