COVID-19的鉴定和治疗药物的开发
Identification and Development of Therapeutics for COVID-19
摘要：
2019年底在中国出现后，新型严重急性呼吸道综合征样冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）在全球蔓延，截至2021年初，继续对大多数国家产生重大影响。已知只有少数冠状病毒感染人类，只有两种与SARS-CoV-2相关的严重后果相关：严重急性呼吸道综合征相关冠状病毒，2002年出现的SARS-CoV-2的密切相关物种，以及2012年出现的中东呼吸道综合征相关冠状病毒。通过公共卫生措施，这两次流行病都得到了相当迅速的控制，没有发现疫苗或强有力的治疗干预措施。然而，先前在严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和中东呼吸综合征（MERS）爆发期间获得的对冠状病毒的免疫反应的见解已被证明有利于确定2019年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的治疗和预防方法。许多针对SARS-CoV-2和由此产生的COVID-19疾病的潜在治疗方法被迅速确定，导致大量临床试验在大流行早期开始研究各种可能的治疗方法。因此，少数疗法已经获得美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）等监管机构的授权，许多其他疗法仍在调查中。在这里，我们描述了一系列治疗COVID-19的方法，以及它们的拟议作用机制和对每种候选药物的临床研究现状。这些调查的情况将继续发展，审查将随着进展而更新。
英文摘要：
After emerging in China in late 2019, the novel Severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread worldwide and as of early 2021, continues to significantly impact most countries. Only a small number of coronaviruses are known to infect humans, and only two are associated with the severe outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, a closely related species of SARS-CoV-2 that emerged in 2002, and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, which emerged in 2012. Both of these previous epidemics were controlled fairly rapidly through public health measures, and no vaccines or robust therapeutic interventions were identified. However, previous insights into the immune response to coronaviruses gained during the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) have proved beneficial to identifying approaches to the treatment and prophylaxis of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A number of potential therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 and the resultant COVID-19 illness were rapidly identified, leading to a large number of clinical trials investigating a variety of possible therapeutic approaches being initiated early on in the pandemic. As a result, a small number of therapeutics have already been authorized by regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States, and many other therapeutics remain under investigation. Here, we describe a range of approaches for the treatment of COVID-19, along with their proposed mechanisms of action and the current status of clinical investigation into each candidate. The status of these investigations will continue to evolve, and this review will be updated as progress is made.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
