纳米氢化物结构和组成模板控制的亚秒级和ppm级氢气光学传感
Sub-second and ppm-level Optical Sensing of Hydrogen Using Templated Control of Nano-hydride Geometry and Composition
摘要：
使用氢作为化石燃料的清洁和可再生替代品需要一套可燃性缓解技术，特别是用于氢泄漏检测和浓度监测的强大传感器。为此，我们已经开发了一类轻量级的光学氢传感器的基础上的超表面的钯纳米片状颗粒阵列，它满足了日益增长的要求，安全的氢燃料传感系统，没有火花的风险。光学传感器的结构易于纳米设计，以产生对氢气的非常快速的响应（在1 mbar H $_{2}$下<3 s）和高精度（<5%）。通过掺入20%的Ag、Au或Co，Pd合金传感器的感测性能显著增强，尤其是对于Pd $_{80}$ Co $_{20}$传感器，其在1 mbar的H $_{2}$下的光学响应时间仅为~0.85 s，同时保持优异的准确度（<2.5%）、检测限（2.5 ppm）以及对老化、温度和干扰气体的鲁棒性。我们的传感器性能优越，是最快、最灵敏的光学氢传感器之一。
英文摘要：
The use of hydrogen as a clean and renewable alternative to fossil fuels requires a suite of flammability mitigating technologies, particularly robust sensors for hydrogen leak detection and concentration monitoring. To this end, we have developed a class of lightweight optical hydrogen sensors based on a metasurface of Pd nano-patchy particle arrays, which fulfills the increasing requirements of a safe hydrogen fuel sensing system with no risk of sparking. The structure of the optical sensor is readily nano-engineered to yield extraordinarily rapid response to hydrogen gas (<3 s at 1 mbar H$_{2}$) with a high degree of accuracy (<5%). By incorporating 20% Ag, Au or Co, the sensing performances of the Pd-alloy sensor are significantly enhanced, especially for the Pd$_{80}$Co$_{20}$ sensor whose optical response time at 1 mbar of H$_{2}$ is just ~0.85 s, while preserving the excellent accuracy (<2.5%), limit of detection (2.5 ppm), and robustness against aging, temperature, and interfering gases. The superior performance of our sensor places it among the fastest and most sensitive optical hydrogen sensors.
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