各向异性纳米结构Pd膜单波长等离子体氢传感器的研究
Ultrasensitive and fast single wavelength plasmonic hydrogen sensing with anisotropic nanostructured Pd films
摘要：
采用真空斜角沉积法在玻璃衬底上制备了各向异性的多孔钯纳米结构薄膜。它们显示出二向色响应，这是由于形成膜的纳米颗粒内的局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR），取决于入射光偏振。超灵敏的氢传感是通过使用这些薄膜与来自反射各向异性光谱的差分光学技术相结合。在稀α相和致密β相中形成Pd氢化物期间监测样品光学响应的演变，同时将样品暴露于Ar中不同浓度的H2（从100%H2到几ppm）。测量在可见光范围内的单一波长和22摄氏度下进行。结果表明，载气中的氢浓度的定量测量可以在整个浓度范围内测量。检测极限为10 ppm，并且在Ar中的H2浓度低至0.25%时，检测载气中H2存在的时间低于1秒。此外，光学各向异性的样品和它的演变与曝光H2正确再现与有效介质理论。
英文摘要：
Anisotropic nanostructured porous Pd films are fabricated using oblique angle deposition in vacuum on a glass substrate. They display a dichroic response, due to localised surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) within the nanoparticles forming the film, dependent on the incident light polarisation. Ultrasensitive hydrogen sensing is reached by using these films in conjunction with a differential optical technique derived from the reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy. The evolution of the samples optical responses is monitored during the formation of Pd hydride in both the dilute alpha-phase and the dense beta-phase, whilst the samples are exposed to different concentration of H2 in Ar (from 100 percent H2 to a few ppm). The measurements are performed at a single wavelength in the visible range and at 22 deg C. The results show that a quantitative measurement of the hydrogen concentration in a carrier gas can be measured throughout the concentration range. The limit of detection is 10 ppm and the time for detecting the presence of H2 in the carrying gas is below one second at concentration down to 0.25 percent of H2 in Ar. Furthermore, the optical anisotropy of the samples and its evolution with exposure to H2 are correctly reproduced with an effective medium theory.
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