arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2103.00058cs.AIcs.SYeess.SY
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减少交通拥堵的可扩展多智能体驾驶策略

Scalable Multiagent Driving Policies For Reducing Traffic Congestion

University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校);General Motors R&D Labs(通用汽车研发实验室);Sony AI(索尼人工智能)

Jiaxun Cui, William Macke, Harel Yedidsion, Daniel Urieli, Peter Stone

摘要:

交通拥堵是现代城市环境中的主要挑战。自动驾驶和自动驾驶汽车(AV)的全行业发展激发了一个问题,即AV如何有助于减少拥堵。过去的研究表明,在小规模的混合交通场景中,自动驾驶汽车和人类驾驶的车辆,一小部分自动驾驶汽车执行受控的多智能体驾驶策略可以缓解拥堵。在本文中,我们扩大现有的方法,并开发新的多智能体驾驶策略的AV场景具有更大的复杂性。我们首先表明,过去的研究所使用的拥堵指标是可操纵的开放的道路网络的情况下,车辆动态加入和离开道路。然后,我们建议使用一个不同的度量,是强大的操纵,并反映了开放的网络流量效率。接下来,我们提出了一种模块化迁移强化学习方法,并使用它来扩展多智能体驾驶策略,以在模拟的现实场景中超越人类交通和现有方法,这比过去的场景大一个数量级(数百辆而不是数十辆)。此外,我们的模块化迁移学习方法通过将其数据汇集集中在网络中的关键位置,节省了高达80%的训练时间。最后,我们首次展示了一种分布式多智能体策略,它可以改善人为驱动的交通拥堵。分布式方法更加现实和实用,因为它仅依赖于现有的传感和驱动能力,并且不需要添加新的通信基础设施。

英文摘要:

Traffic congestion is a major challenge in modern urban settings. The industry-wide development of autonomous and automated vehicles (AVs) motivates the question of how can AVs contribute to congestion reduction. Past research has shown that in small scale mixed traffic scenarios with both AVs and human-driven vehicles, a small fraction of AVs executing a controlled multiagent driving policy can mitigate congestion. In this paper, we scale up existing approaches and develop new multiagent driving policies for AVs in scenarios with greater complexity. We start by showing that a congestion metric used by past research is manipulable in open road network scenarios where vehicles dynamically join and leave the road. We then propose using a different metric that is robust to manipulation and reflects open network traffic efficiency. Next, we propose a modular transfer reinforcement learning approach, and use it to scale up a multiagent driving policy to outperform human-like traffic and existing approaches in a simulated realistic scenario, which is an order of magnitude larger than past scenarios (hundreds instead of tens of vehicles). Additionally, our modular transfer learning approach saves up to 80% of the training time in our experiments, by focusing its data collection on key locations in the network. Finally, we show for the first time a distributed multiagent policy that improves congestion over human-driven traffic. The distributed approach is more realistic and practical, as it relies solely on existing sensing and actuation capabilities, and does not require adding new communication infrastructure.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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