arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2102.13344cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-el
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费米极化子中极化子-分子跃迁的性质

Nature of polaron-molecule transition in Fermi polarons

Cheng Peng, Ruijin Liu, Wei Zhang, Xiaoling Cui

摘要:

在这项工作中,我们探索极化子和分子物理利用统一的变分不等式与多达两个粒子-空穴(p-h)激发(V-2 ph)。我们证实了三维和二维费米极化子中存在一级跃迁,并指出这种跃迁的本质是具有不同动量${\mathbf Q}=0$和$|{\mathbf Q}|=k_F$的系统之间的能量竞争,这里${\mathbf Q}$定义为费米极化子系统相对于多数费米海(具有费米动量$k_F$)的动量.在强耦合区,分子的能级是$|{\mathbf Q}|=k_F$态的一个渐近极限,这意味着在强耦合区,$SO(3)$(3D)或$SO(2)$(2D)基态具有很大的简并度.这种简并性的认识对于在有限温度和有限杂质密度的实际系统中计算分子占据是至关重要的。为了与最近的三维费米极化子实验进行比较,我们在V-2 ph框架下计算了各种物理量,在弱耦合和近共振区得到了与实验符合良好的结果.进一步,为了检验我们的结论在二维中的正确性,我们采用了一种不同的基于高阶p-h激发(V-Gph)的高斯样本的变分方法,并在其中发现了相同的关于极化子-分子跃迁性质的结论。对于一维体系,V-2 ph方法预测没有急剧的跃迁,基态总是在${\mathbf Q}=0$扇区,与Bethe的精确解一致.分析了极化子-分子跃迁的存在与否与不同维度的Pauli阻塞和p-h激发的相互作用密切相关。

英文摘要:

In this work, we explore the polaron and molecule physics by utilizing a unified variational ansatz with up to two particle-hole(p-h) excitations(V-2ph). We confirm the existence of a first-order transition in 3D and 2D Fermi polarons, and show that the nature of such transition lies in an energy competition between systems with different momenta ${\mathbf Q}=0$ and $|{\mathbf Q}|=k_F$, here ${\mathbf Q}$ is defined as the momentum of Fermi polaron system with respect to the Fermi sea of majority fermions (with Fermi momentum $k_F$). The literally proposed molecule ansatz is identified as an asymptotic limit of $|{\mathbf Q}|=k_F$ state in strong coupling regime, which implies a huge $SO(3)$(for 3D) or $SO(2)$ (for 2D) ground state degeneracy in this regime. The recognization of such degeneracy is crucially important for evaluating the molecule occupation in realistic systems with finite impurity density and at finite temperature. To compare with recent experiment of 3D Fermi polarons, we have calculated various physical quantities under the V-2ph framework and obtained results that are in good agreements with experimental data in the weak coupling and near resonance regime. Further, to check the validity of our conclusion in 2D, we have adopted a different variational method based on the Gaussian sample of high-order p-h excitations(V-Gph), and found the same conclusion on the nature of polaron-molecule transition therein. For 1D system, the V-2ph method predicts no sharp transition and the ground state is always at ${\mathbf Q}=0$ sector, consistent with exact Bethe ansatz solution. The presence/absence of polaron-molecule transition is analyzed to be closely related to the interplay effect of Pauli-blocking and p-h excitations in different dimensions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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