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arXiv 2102.13145astro-ph.HE
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过渡型毫秒脉冲星J1023 +0038低质量X射线双星中UV毫秒脉动和模的发现

Discovery of UV millisecond pulsations and moding in the low mass X-ray binary state of transitional millisecond pulsar J1023+0038

Amruta D. Jaodand, Juan V. Hernández Santisteban, Anne M. Archibald, Jason W. T. Hessels, Slavko Bogdanov, Christian Knigge, Nathalie Degenaar, Adam T. Deller, … 展开作者

Amruta D. Jaodand, Juan V. Hernández Santisteban, Anne M. Archibald, Jason W. T. Hessels, Slavko Bogdanov, Christian Knigge, Nathalie Degenaar, Adam T. Deller, Simone Scaringi, Alessandro Patruno

摘要:

PSR J1023+0038是一颗快速旋转的中子星,它有一颗低质量的双星伴星,伴星在射电脉冲星和低光度盘状态之间切换。在2013年,它过渡到目前的圆盘状态,并伴随着所有观测到的波长的增亮。在此状态下,PSR J1023+0038现在显示光学和X射线脉动,以及离散“低”和“高”模式之间的突然X射线亮度切换。连续射电辐射,表示外流,也存在,并在X射线低模式期间变亮。在这里,我们提出了一个同时的光学,紫外线(UV)和X射线运动包括开普勒($400-800$ nm),哈勃太空望远镜($180-280$ nm),XMM-牛顿($0.3-10$ keV)和NuSTAR($3 - 79$ keV)。我们表明,在UV波段的低和高亮度模式是严格同时与X射线模式和改变的UV亮度的$\sim25$ \%的一个因素上的一个更明亮的持久的UV组件。我们发现了强有力的证据,紫外脉冲($0.82\pm0.19$脉冲分数)在高模式,与X射线脉冲波形相似,使其成为第一个已知的紫外毫秒脉冲星。最后,我们发现,光学模式的变化发生同步的UV/X射线模式的变化,但光学模式相比,更高的频率。似乎有两个宽带发射分量:一个从无线电到近红外/光学,当第二个从光学到硬X射线的分量较暗时(反之亦然)。我们认为,这些组件跟踪吸积到中子星磁层(高能量高模式)与喷射的材料(低能量高模式)之间的开关。最后,我们提出,光学/UV/X射线脉动可以产生由中子星的磁场引导的冲击吸积流。

英文摘要:

PSR J1023+0038 is a rapidly-spinning neutron star with a low-mass-binary companion that switches between a radio pulsar and low-luminosity disk state. In 2013, it transitioned to its current disk state accompanied by brightening at all observed wavelengths. In this state, PSR J1023+0038 now shows optical and X-ray pulsations and abrupt X-ray luminosity switches between discrete 'low' and 'high' modes. Continuum radio emission, denoting an outflow, is also present and brightens during the X-ray low modes. Here, we present a simultaneous optical, ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray campaign comprising Kepler ($400-800$ nm), Hubble Space Telescope ($180-280$ nm), XMM-Newton ($0.3-10$ keV) and NuSTAR ($3 - 79$ keV). We demonstrate that low and high luminosity modes in the UV band are strictly simultaneous with the X-ray modes and change the UV brightness by a factor of $\sim25$\% on top of a much brighter persistent UV component. We find strong evidence for UV pulsations (pulse fraction of $0.82\pm0.19$\%) in the high-mode, with a similar waveform as the X-ray pulsations making it the first known UV millisecond pulsar. Lastly, we find that the optical mode changes occur synchronously with the UV/X-ray mode changes, but optical modes are inverted compared to the higher frequencies. There appear to be two broad-band emission components: one from radio to near-infrared/optical that is brighter when the second component from optical to hard X-rays is dimmer (and vice-versa). We suggest that these components trace switches between accretion into the neutron star magnetosphere (high-energy high-mode) versus ejection of material (low-energy high-mode). Lastly, we propose that optical/UV/X-ray pulsations can arise from a shocked accretion flow channeled by the neutron star's magnetic field.

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