PSR J1023+0038过渡毫秒脉冲星的演化：Aqueye+和NICER观测
Evolution of the transitional millisecond pulsar PSR J1023+0038 from Aqueye+ and NICER observations
AI总结：
研究PSR J1023+0038过渡毫秒脉冲星的演化，通过Aqueye+和NICER观测测量相位滞后和时间通过节点的变化，揭示轨道周期和分离度增加的抛物线趋势。
摘要：
过渡毫秒脉冲星（tMSPs）是通过低质量伴星吸积而加速自转的古老中子星。这些物体可以切换两种发射模式：旋转驱动的无线电脉冲星和吸积X射线脉冲星。其光学和X射线脉动的起源仍存在争议，尽管一种模型认为它们是脉星风与吸积流之间冲击产生的同步辐射。PSR J1023+0038光学与X射线脉冲之间观测到的小相位滞后支持共同起源。我们给出了PSR J1023+0038光学与X射线脉冲轮廓之间相位滞后的新测量，并研究了时间通过节点（T_asc）在2023年之前的演化。我们对2021至2023年间的Aqueye+光学观测和2023年的NICERX射线数据进行了定时分析。我们推导出更新的T_asc值，并通过同时观测测量光学-X射线相位滞后。我们发现T_asc每年增加约20秒。2023年1月，我们测得相位滞后为0.067±0.018，对应112.3±30.7μs。自2017年以来，T_asc的演化遵循抛物线趋势，表明系统轨道周期和轨道分离增加。这种行为与非保守罗奇瓣溢流一致，伴星质量损失率远高于吸积率。相位滞后测量进一步支持光学和X射线脉动的共同起源。
英文摘要：
Transitional millisecond pulsars (tMSPs) are old neutron stars spun up by accretion from a low-mass companion. These objects can switch between two emission regimes: rotation-powered radio pulsar and accreting X-ray pulsar. The origin of their optical and X-ray pulsations is still debated, although one model attributes them to synchrotron emission produced in a shock between the pulsar wind and the accretion flow. The small phase lag observed between optical and X-ray pulses in PSR J1023+0038 supports a common origin. We present a new measurement of the phase lag between optical and X-ray pulse profiles of PSR J1023+0038 and investigate the evolution of the time of passage at the ascending node ($T_{\rm{asc}}$) up to 2023. We performed a timing analysis of optical observations obtained with Aqueye+ between 2021 and 2023 and of X-ray data from NICER in 2023. We derive updated values of $T_{\rm{asc}}$ and measure the optical - X-ray phase lag from simultaneous observations. We find that $T_{\rm{asc}}$ increases by about 20 s per year. In January 2023, we measure a phase lag of $0.067 \pm 0.018$, corresponding to $112.3 \pm 30.7\,μ$s. Since 2017, the evolution of $T_{\rm{asc}}$ follows a parabolic trend, indicating an increase in the orbital period and orbital separation of the system. This behaviour is consistent with non-conservative Roche-lobe overflow, with the donor losing mass at a rate much higher than the accretion rate. The phase lag measurement further supports a common origin of the optical and X-ray pulsations.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
