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arXiv 2102.12685stat.MLcs.LG
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马尔可夫等价条件下因果关系的局部识别方法

A Local Method for Identifying Causal Relations under Markov Equivalence

Peking University(北京大学);Renmin University of China(中国人民大学);Beijing Technology and Business University(北京工商大学);Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab(华为诺亚方舟实验室)

Zhuangyan Fang, Yue Liu, Zhi Geng, Shengyu Zhu, Yangbo He

摘要:

在人工智能研究中,因果关系对于设计可解释和鲁棒的方法非常重要。我们提出了一种局部方法,在有向无环图(DAGs)的因果图模型框架下识别变量是否是给定目标的原因。一般来说,两个变量之间的因果关系可能无法从观测数据中识别,因为许多编码不同因果关系的因果DAG是马尔可夫等价的。在本文中,我们首先引入了一个充分必要的图形条件来检查存在的因果路径从一个变量到一个目标在每个马尔可夫等价的DAG。接下来,我们提供局部标准,用于仅基于局部结构而不是整个图来识别变量是否是目标的原因/非原因。最后,我们提出了一个局部学习算法,通过学习局部结构的变量和一些额外的统计独立性测试的目标相关的因果查询。仿真研究表明,我们的本地算法是高效和有效的,与其他国家的最先进的方法相比。

英文摘要:

Causality is important for designing interpretable and robust methods in artificial intelligence research. We propose a local approach to identify whether a variable is a cause of a given target under the framework of causal graphical models of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). In general, the causal relation between two variables may not be identifiable from observational data as many causal DAGs encoding different causal relations are Markov equivalent. In this paper, we first introduce a sufficient and necessary graphical condition to check the existence of a causal path from a variable to a target in every Markov equivalent DAG. Next, we provide local criteria for identifying whether a variable is a cause/non-cause of a target based only on the local structure instead of the entire graph. Finally, we propose a local learning algorithm for this causal query via learning the local structure of the variable and some additional statistical independence tests related to the target. Simulation studies show that our local algorithm is efficient and effective, compared with other state-of-art methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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