医疗混合智能系统中的道德决策：一种团队设计模式方法解决偏差缓解和数据共享设计问题
Moral Decision-Making in Medical Hybrid Intelligent Systems: A Team Design Patterns Approach to the Bias Mitigation and Data Sharing Design Problems
摘要：
医疗保健行业的自动化程度不断提高，需要采用混合智能（HI）方法来密切研究和设计人类与自动机器的协作。确保医疗HI系统的决策符合伦理是关键。团队设计模式（TDPs）的使用可以通过描述成功的和可重用的设计问题的配置，其中的决定有一个道德的组成部分，以及通过促进多学科团队设计HI系统的沟通，推进这一目标。在这项研究中，开发了TDPs来描述医疗HI系统中两个设计问题的一组解决方案：（1）减轻机器学习算法中的有害偏差，以及（2）与医疗保健专业人员和系统开发人员共享健康和行为患者数据。社会认知工程方法，整合业务需求，人为因素的知识，和技术分析成一组的TDPs。创建了一个调查，以评估模式的可理解性，有效性和普遍性的可用性。结果表明，TDPs是一个有用的方法来明确地描述不同的HI设计问题的解决方案与道德组件在不同的抽象层次，这是可用的一个异质的多学科研究人员。此外，结果表明，SCE的方法和开发的问卷是合适的方法来创建和评估TDPs。该研究的结论与一组建议的改进TDPs，包括他们的集成与交互设计模式，包括几个额外的概念，和一些方法的改进。最后，本文提出了未来研究的方向。
英文摘要：
Increasing automation in the healthcare sector calls for a Hybrid Intelligence (HI) approach to closely study and design the collaboration of humans and autonomous machines. Ensuring that medical HI systems' decision-making is ethical is key. The use of Team Design Patterns (TDPs) can advance this goal by describing successful and reusable configurations of design problems in which decisions have a moral component, as well as through facilitating communication in multidisciplinary teams designing HI systems. For this research, TDPs were developed to describe a set of solutions for two design problems in a medical HI system: (1) mitigating harmful biases in machine learning algorithms and (2) sharing health and behavioral patient data with healthcare professionals and system developers. The Socio-Cognitive Engineering methodology was employed, integrating operational demands, human factors knowledge, and a technological analysis into a set of TDPs. A survey was created to assess the usability of the patterns on their understandability, effectiveness, and generalizability. The results showed that TDPs are a useful method to unambiguously describe solutions for diverse HI design problems with a moral component on varying abstraction levels, that are usable by a heterogeneous group of multidisciplinary researchers. Additionally, results indicated that the SCE approach and the developed questionnaire are suitable methods for creating and assessing TDPs. The study concludes with a set of proposed improvements to TDPs, including their integration with Interaction Design Patterns, the inclusion of several additional concepts, and a number of methodological improvements. Finally, the thesis recommends directions for future research.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
