单声子激发下暗物质的定向探测：目标比较
Directional Detectability of Dark Matter With Single Phonon Excitations: Target Comparison
摘要：
单声子激发是keV-GeV质量窗口中轻暗物质的灵敏探针。对于各向异性的目标物质，信号取决于进入的暗物质风的方向，并表现出每日调制。我们详细讨论了各向异性的各种来源，并进行了比较研究的26个晶体目标，侧重于亚MeV的暗物质基准。我们计算的调制达到最有前途的目标，对应的截面，每天的调制可以观察到一个给定的曝光，这使我们能够结合的DM-声子耦合的强度和每天的调制幅度。我们强调铝$_2$ O $_3$（蓝宝石），CaWO $_4$和h-BN（六方氮化硼）作为最好的极性材料，用于恢复日常调制信号，其特点$\mathcal{O}(1 - 100)\%$变化的检测率在一天中，这取决于暗物质质量和相互作用。单声子激发的方向性提供了一个有用的处理，以减轻背景，这是至关重要的，充分实现发现的潜力，不久的将来的实验。
英文摘要：
Single phonon excitations are sensitive probes of light dark matter in the keV-GeV mass window. For anisotropic target materials, the signal depends on the direction of the incoming dark matter wind and exhibits a daily modulation. We discuss in detail the various sources of anisotropy, and carry out a comparative study of 26 crystal targets, focused on sub-MeV dark matter benchmarks. We compute the modulation reach for the most promising targets, corresponding to the cross section where the daily modulation can be observed for a given exposure, which allows us to combine the strength of DM-phonon couplings and the amplitude of daily modulation. We highlight Al$_2$O$_3$ (sapphire), CaWO$_4$ and h-BN (hexagonal boron nitride) as the best polar materials for recovering a daily modulation signal, which feature $\mathcal{O}(1 - 100)\%$ variations of detection rates throughout the day, depending on the dark matter mass and interaction. The directional nature of single phonon excitations offers a useful handle to mitigate backgrounds, which is crucial for fully realizing the discovery potential of near future experiments.
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