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arXiv 1910.08092hep-ph
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多通道直接探测光暗物质的理论框架

Multi-Channel Direct Detection of Light Dark Matter: Theoretical Framework

Tanner Trickle, Zhengkang Zhang, Kathryn M. Zurek, Katherine Inzani, Sinéad M. Griffin

摘要:

我们提出了一个统一的理论框架计算自旋无关的直接检测率通过各种渠道相关的亚GeV的暗物质-核反冲,电子跃迁和单声子激发。尽管涉及非常不同的物理学,在每种情况下,速率分解为粒子级矩阵元素的平方,以及对目标材料和通道特定动态结构因子的积分。我们展示了如何动态结构因子可以在所有三种情况下得出以下相同的程序,并在几个方面扩展文献中以前的结果。对于电子跃迁,我们将方向依赖性,并指出潜在的日常调制信号在各向异性的目标材料。对于单声子激发,我们提出了一个新的推导率公式从第一原理通用的自旋无关耦合,包括通过电子耦合的声子激发的第一次计算。我们还讨论了单声子激发和核反冲之间的相互作用,并澄清Umklapp过程的作用,它可以主导的单声子生产率比兆电子伏的暗物质。我们的研究结果突出了在探测暗物质散射的不同运动学机制时各种搜索通道之间的互补性,并为将暗物质理论与正在进行的和未来的直接探测实验连接起来提供了一个共同的参考。

英文摘要:

We present a unified theoretical framework for computing spin-independent direct detection rates via various channels relevant for sub-GeV dark matter -- nuclear recoils, electron transitions and single phonon excitations. Despite the very different physics involved, in each case the rate factorizes into the particle-level matrix element squared, and an integral over a target material- and channel-specific dynamic structure factor. We show how the dynamic structure factor can be derived in all three cases following the same procedure, and extend previous results in the literature in several aspects. For electron transitions, we incorporate directional dependence and point out potential daily modulation signals in anisotropic target materials. For single phonon excitations, we present a new derivation of the rate formula from first principles for generic spin-independent couplings, and include the first calculation of phonon excitation through electron couplings. We also discuss the interplay between single phonon excitations and nuclear recoils, and clarify the role of Umklapp processes, which can dominate the single phonon production rate for dark matter heavier than an MeV. Our results highlight the complementarity between various search channels in probing different kinematic regimes of dark matter scattering, and provide a common reference to connect dark matter theories with ongoing and future direct detection experiments.

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