在系统的系统上下文中为下一个版本选择功能
Selecting Features for the Next Release in a System of Systems Context
摘要：
智慧城市与全球城市化趋势同步发展。智慧城市项目的最终目标是为公民、社会经济和生态环境带来积极影响。这涉及到从生活质量（QoL）和主观幸福感（SWB）等总体概念中得出（技术）项目的具体要求的挑战。将长期、注重影响的目标与项目产出和成果联系起来是一个复杂的问题。单个智慧城市项目（或系统）的需求和结果特征的决策更加复杂，因为城市不像整体，分层和结构良好的系统。然而，系统工程提供的概念，支持决策在这种情况下。智能城市等复杂的社会技术系统可以被描述为系统的系统（SoS）。一个体系结构由独立开发的系统组成，但提供更高层次的集成功能。为了给体系结构增加新的功能，要么扩展现有的体系结构，要么开发和集成新的体系结构。在这两种情况下，功能的扩展通常是以小增量完成的，并通过软件版本进行结构化。但是，决定在下一个版本中包含哪些功能是复杂的，并且在手动完成时难以管理。为了解决这一问题，我们利用多目标下一个版本的问题（MONRP）搜索一组最佳的功能，在一个软件版本的SoS的上下文中。为了在早期规划阶段优化搜索，我们提出了一种使用Kotlin场景建模语言（SMLK）对功能进行建模和验证的技术。这是证明了一个概念的实现。
英文摘要：
Smart Cities are developing in parallel with the global trend towards urbanization. The ultimate goal of Smart City projects is to deliver a positive impact for the citizens and the socio-economic and ecological environment. This involves the challenge to derive concrete requirements for (technical) projects from overarching concepts like Quality of Life (QoL) and Subjective Well-Being (SWB). Linking long-term, impact oriented goals with project outputs and outcomes is a complex problem. Decision making on requirements and resulting features of single Smart City projects (or systems) is even more complex since cities are not like monolithic, hierarchical and well structured systems. Nevertheless, systems engineering provides concepts which support decision making in such situations. Complex socio-technical systems such as smart cities can be characterized as systems of systems (SoS). A SoS is composed of independently developed systems that nevertheless provide a higher-level integrated functionality. To add new functionality to a SoS, either existing systems must be extended or new systems must be developed and integrated. In both cases, the extension of functionality is usually done in small increments and structured via software releases. However, the decision which features to include in the next release is complex and difficult to manage when done manually. To address this, we make use of the multi-objective next release problem (MONRP) to search for an optimal set of features for a software release in a SoS context. In order to refine the search in an early planning phase, we propose a technique to model and validate the features using the scenario modeling language for Kotlin (SMLK). This is demonstrated with a proof-of-concept implementation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
