THESEUS飞行任务中的XGIS成像系统
The XGIS imaging system onboard the THESEUS mission
摘要：
在THESEUS ESA/M5候选飞行任务的科学目标范围内，一个关键项目是快速（几秒内）和准确（<15弧分）的伽马射线暴和从几千电子伏到硬X射线能带的高能瞬态定位。为此，基于编码掩码的信号复用是实现该目标的选择。这一贡献是由XGIS成像系统，基于该技术。XGIS成像系统继承了以前有效载荷开发的传统：LEGRI/Minisat-01、INTEGRAL、UFFO/Lomonosov和ASIM/ISS。特别是XGIS成像系统是自2018年以来在国际空间站上运行的ASIM系统的升级。科学目标是相似的：探测伽马射线瞬变。但是，当ASIM专注于地面伽马射线闪光时，THESEUS的目标是伽马射线暴。对于两个XGIS相机中的每一个，编码掩模位于距探测器层630 mm处。该编码模式是在钨板（1毫米厚），提供了良好的复用能力高达150千电子伏。以这种方式，两个XGIS探测器层（基于Si和CsI探测器）都具有在中硬X射线域的成像能力。这是当前THESEUS阶段A期间实现的改进。掩模安装在准直器的顶部，准直器提供机械组件支撑，以及良好的宇宙X射线背景屏蔽。XGIS成像系统的初步结构和热设计，以及相应的分析，包括在这方面的贡献，因为它是一个初步的性能评估。
英文摘要：
Within the scientific goals of the THESEUS ESA/M5 candidate mission, a critical item is a fast (within a few s) and accurate (<15 arcmin) Gamma-Ray Burst and high-energy transient location from a few keV up to hard X-ray energy band. For that purpose, the signal multiplexing based on coded masks is the selected option to achieve this goal. This contribution is implemented by the XGIS Imaging System, based on that technique. The XGIS Imaging System has the heritage of previous payload developments: LEGRI/Minisat-01, INTEGRAL, UFFO/Lomonosov and ASIM/ISS. In particular the XGIS Imaging System is an upgrade of the ASIM system in operation since 2018 on the International Space Station. The scientific goal is similar: to detect a gamma-ray transient. But while ASIM focuses on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes, THESEUS aims for the GRBs. For each of the two XGIS Cameras, the coded mask is located at 630 mm from the detector layer. The coding pattern is implemented in a Tungsten plate (1 mm thickness) providing a good multiplexing capability up to 150 keV. In that way both XGIS detector layers (based on Si and CsI detectors) have imaging capabilities at the medium - hard X-ray domain. This is an improvement achieved during the current THESEUS Phase-A. The mask is mounted on top of a collimator that provides the mechanical assembly support, as well as good cosmic X-ray background shielding. The XGIS Imaging System preliminary structural and thermal design, and the corresponding analyses, are included in this contribution, as it is a preliminary performance evaluation.
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