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arXiv 2102.06160math.LO
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实数加法理论中可定义性问题的可判定性

Decidability of definability issues in the theory of real addition

Alexis Bès, Christian Choffrut

AI总结:

本文研究实数加法结构中的可定义性问题,通过奇异点分量有理化的假设,给出拓扑刻画与自可定义判据,并证明k-可识别关系的l-可识别性可判定。

摘要:

给定 $X\subseteq \mathbb{R}^{n}$ 的一个子集,我们可以将每个点 $x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}$ 关联到一个最大维数的向量空间 $V$,该空间具有如下性质:对于某个以 $x$ 为中心的球,子集 $X$ 在该球内与平行于 $V$ 的直线族的并集一致。若 $V$ 的维数为 $0$,则该点为奇异点。在先前的一篇论文中,我们证明了:一个 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,\mathbb{Z})$-可定义的关系 $X$ 实际上在 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$ 中可定义,当且仅当奇异点的数量有限且 $X$ 的每个有理截面都是 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$-可定义的,其中有理截面是通过将某些分量固定为有理值而从 $X$ 得到的集合。本文中,我们表明可以通过假设奇异点的分量为有理数来省去 $X$ 是 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,\mathbb{Z})$-可定义这一前提。这提供了结构 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$ 中一阶可定义性的拓扑刻画。它还使我们能够为一大类关系提供 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$-和 $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,\mathbb{Z})$-可定义性的自可定义判据(使用 Muchnik 的术语),在相应理论可判定时,该判据变为有效判据。特别地,这些结果适用于实数上的 $k$-可识别关系类,并使我们能够证明:对于每个基数 $l \geq 2$,一个 $k$-可识别关系(任意元数)是否为 $l$-可识别是可判定的。

英文摘要:

Given a subset of $X\subseteq \mathbb{R}^{n}$ we can associate with every point $x\in \mathbb{R}^{n}$ a vector space $V$ of maximal dimension with the property that for some ball centered at $x$, the subset $X$ coincides inside the ball with a union of lines parallel with $V$. A point is singular if $V$ has dimension $0$. In an earlier paper we proved that a $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,\mathbb{Z})$-definable relation $X$ is actually definable in $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$ if and only if the number of singular points is finite and every rational section of $X$ is $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$-definable, where a rational section is a set obtained from $X$ by fixing some component to a rational value. Here we show that we can dispense with the hypothesis of $X$ being $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,\mathbb{Z})$-definable by assuming that the components of the singular points are rational numbers. This provides a topological characterization of first-order definability in the structure $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$. It also allows us to deliver a self-definable criterion (in Muchnik's terminology) of $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,1)$- and $(\mathbb{R}, +,< ,\mathbb{Z})$-definability for a wide class of relations, which turns into an effective criterion provided that the corresponding theory is decidable. In particular these results apply to the class of $k-$recognizable relations on reals, and allow us to prove that it is decidable whether a $k-$recognizable relation (of any arity) is $l-$recognizable for every base $l \geq 2$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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