隧道时间、拉莫尔时钟和房间里的大象
Tunnelling times, Larmor clock,and the elephant in the room
摘要：
围绕着“隧穿时间问题”的争论源于量子力学似乎无法以通常的方式提供一个粒子在给定空间区域中应该花费的持续时间的定义。由于这个原因，这个问题往往是从“业务”的角度来处理。通常，人们试图在量子情况下模拟一个实验，该实验产生经典粒子的期望结果。一种这样的方法是基于拉莫尔时钟的使用。我们表明，应用非微扰拉莫尔时钟，以“时间”的经典禁戒跃迁的困难来自量子不确定原理。我们还证明，由于这个原因，拉莫尔时间（事实上，没有拉莫尔时间）不能被解释为一个物理时间间隔。我们还提供了一个理论描述的数量测量的时钟。
英文摘要：
A controversy surrounding the "tunnelling time problem" stems from the seeming inability of quantum mechanics to provide, in the usual way, a definition of the duration a particle is supposed to spend in a given region of space. For this reason the problem is often approached from an "operational" angle. Typically, one tries to mimic, in a quantum case, an experiment which yields the desired result for a classical particle. One such approach is based on the use of a Larmor clock. We show that the difficulty with applying a non-perturbing Larmor clock in order to "time" a classically forbidden transition arises from the quantum Uncertainty Principle. We also demonstrate that for this reason a Larmor time (in fact, none of the Larmor times) cannot be interpreted as a physical time interval. We also provide a theoretical description of the quantities measured by the clock.
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