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arXiv 2102.03248quant-ph
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云中的量子计算硬件:计算化学家应该关心吗?

Quantum computing hardware in the cloud: Should a computational chemist care?

A. Rossi, P. G. Baity, V. M. Schäfer, M. Weides

摘要:

在过去的十年中,基于各种物理系统的量子计算硬件的实验实现取得了很大进展。快速的进步是因为人们相信,足够强大的量子机器将在包括化学研究在内的许多领域带来巨大的计算优势。一台能够模拟复杂分子电子结构的量子计算机将改变新药物和新材料设计的游戏规则。鉴于这项技术的潜在影响,化学界需要跟上最新的发展,并参与量子原型的实验。为了促进这一点,我们在这里回顾了通过云服务向公众提供的量子计算硬件类型。我们专注于三种架构,即超导体,囚禁离子和半导体。对于每一个,我们总结了基本的物理操作,要求和性能。我们讨论在何种程度上每个系统已被用于分子化学问题,并强调最紧迫的硬件问题,以解决化学相关的量子优势,最终出现。

英文摘要:

Within the last decade much progress has been made in the experimental realisation of quantum computing hardware based on a variety of physical systems. Rapid progress has been fuelled by the conviction that sufficiently powerful quantum machines will herald enormous computational advantages in many fields, including chemical research. A quantum computer capable of simulating the electronic structures of complex molecules would be a game changer for the design of new drugs and materials. Given the potential implications of this technology, there is a need within the chemistry community to keep abreast with the latest developments as well as becoming involved in experimentation with quantum prototypes. To facilitate this, here we review the types of quantum computing hardware that have been made available to the public through cloud services. We focus on three architectures, namely superconductors, trapped ions and semiconductors. For each one we summarise the basic physical operations, requirements and performance. We discuss to what extent each system has been used for molecular chemistry problems and highlight the most pressing hardware issues to be solved for a chemistry-relevant quantum advantage to eventually emerge.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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