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arXiv 2102.01557astro-ph.GA
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基于HST数据的红移至1.80的布里渊星系团Galerkin的物理性质

Physical properties of Brightest Cluster Galaxies up to redshift 1.80 based on HST data

Aline Chu, Florence Durret, Isabel Marquez

摘要:

Brilliant cluster galaxies(BCGs)是由许多较小的星系吸积而成的,可以作为宇宙网中团簇形成和演化的示踪物。然而,对于BCGs形成的主要时期仍然存在争议,因为一些作者认为它们已经在红移z=2之前形成,而其他人仍然发现它们在最近的时期演化。我们的目标是分析一个大样本的BCGs覆盖了广泛的红移范围z=1.8的物理性质,并在一个均匀的方式进行分析,看看他们的特点随红移而变化。作为第一步,我们还提出了一个新的工具来定义每个星系团的星系是BCG。对于一个样本的137团簇的HST图像在光学和/或红外,我们分析的BCG属性应用GALFIT与一个或两个Sersic组件。对于每个BCG,我们计算Sersic指数,有效半径,长轴位置角,表面亮度。然后,我们寻找这些量与红移的相关性。我们发现,BCGs遵循Kormendy关系(有效半径和平均表面亮度之间),与红移保持不变的斜率,但与原点的纵坐标的红移的变化。虽然这种趋势很微弱,但我们发现,随着红移的减小,绝对星等和有效半径都有变亮变大的趋势。另一方面,我们发现平均表面亮度或Sersic指数与红移没有显着相关性。在红移z <= 0.9的星系团中,73%的星系团的长轴和BCGs的长轴在30度以内一致。我们的研究结果与BCGs主要是在红移z=2之前形成一致。BCGs的长轴与它们的星系团的排列符合一般的想法,即BCGs与星系团是通过沿着宇宙网的细丝吸积物质而同时形成的。

英文摘要:

Brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) have grown by accreting numerous smaller galaxies and can be used as tracers of cluster formation and evolution in the cosmic web. However, there is still a controversy on the main epoch of formation of BCGs, since some authors believe they have already formed before redshift z=2, while others still find them to evolve at more recent epochs. We aim to analyse the physical properties of a large sample of BCGs covering a wide redshift range up to z=1.8 and analysed in a homogeneous way, to see if their characteristics vary with redshift. As a first step, we also present a new tool to define for each cluster which galaxy is the BCG. For a sample of 137 clusters with HST images in the optical and/or infrared, we analyse the BCG properties by applying GALFIT with one or two Sersic components. For each BCG, we compute the Sersic index, effective radius, major axis position angle, surface brightness. We then search for correlations of these quantities with redshift. We find that BCGs follow the Kormendy relation (between the effective radius and the mean surface brightness), with a slope that remains constant with redshift, but with a variation with redshift of the ordinate at the origin. Although the trends are faint, we find that both the absolute magnitudes and effective radii tend to become respectively brighter and bigger with decreasing redshift. On the other hand, we find no significant correlation of the mean surface brightnesses or Sersic indices with redshift. The major axes of the cluster elongations and of the BCGs agree within 30 degrees for 73% of our clusters at redshift z <= 0.9. Our results agree with the BCGs being mainly formed before redshift z=2. The alignment of the major axes of BCGs with their clusters agree with the general idea that BCGs form at the same time as clusters by accreting matter along the filaments of the cosmic web.

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