100 MV/m安培级亮场发射阴极
Ampere-class Bright Field Emission Cathode Operated at 100 MV/m
摘要：
下一代紧凑型射频和微波系统需要高电流亮源。一个主要的要求是，这样的源可以在高频率（远高于1 GHz）和高梯度（远高于100 MV/m）下可持续地工作。场致发射源在注入器设计的高频时代提供了简单性和可扩展性，但是输出射频循环电荷和高梯度操作仍然是一个巨大的且很大程度上未解决的挑战。在这里，基于超纳米晶金刚石或UNCD的场发射阴极，一种有效的平面场发射材料，在L波段注入器中以100 MV/m进行测试。证明了每射频周期38 pC的非常高的电荷（每射频脉冲300 nC，对应于120 mA的射频脉冲电流）。这种操作条件揭示了空间电荷占主导地位的发射从阴极和揭示了一个条件下，1D儿童朗缪尔极限被超过。最后，估计了$\sim 10^{14}-10^{15}$ A/m $^2\times$ rad $^2$的光束亮度。
英文摘要：
High current bright sources are needed to power the next generation of compact rf and microwave systems. A major requirement is that such a source could be sustainably operated at high frequencies, well above 1 GHz, and high gradients, well above 100 MV/m. Field emission sources offer simplicity and scalability in a high frequency era of the injector design, but the output rf cycle charge and high gradient operation remain a great and largely unaddressed challenge. Here, a field emission cathode based on ultra-nano-crystalline diamond or UNCD, an efficient planar field emission material, was tested at 100 MV/m in an L-band injector. A very high charge of 38 pC per rf cycle (300 nC per rf pulse corresponding to rf pulse current of 120 mA) was demonstrated. This operating condition revealed a space charge dominated emission from the cathode and revealed a condition under which the 1D Child Langmuir limit was surpassed. Finally, a beam brightness of $\sim 10^{14}-10^{15}$ A/m$^2\times$rad$^2$ was estimated.
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