微机械谐振器中产生混沌的动力学方法
A dynamical approach to generate chaos in a micromechanical resonator
摘要：
混沌系统，呈现复杂和不可再现的动力学，可以在自然界中发现，从行星之间的相互作用到天气的演变，但也可以使用先进的信号处理技术进行定制。然而，混沌信号发生器的实现仍然具有挑战性，由于所涉及的动力学的基础物理。在本文中，我们提出了一种从微机械谐振器中产生混沌信号的破坏性方法。这种技术克服了长期以来建立的复杂性，控制屈曲的微/纳米机械结构，通过调制的振幅或频率的驱动力施加到谐振器中的非线性制度。实验特征参数的混沌政权，即庞加莱截面和李雅普诺夫指数，直接比较不同的配置模拟。这些结果证实，这种动态方法是转置到任何类型的微/纳米机械谐振器，从加速度计到麦克风。我们展示了一个直接的应用程序，利用混合特性的混沌制度，通过转换成一个真正的随机数发生器符合美国国家标准与技术研究所的规格的现成的microdiaphragm。这种原始方法的多功能性开辟了新的途径，将混沌的独特性质与微结构的异常灵敏度相结合，从而形成新兴的微系统。
英文摘要：
Chaotic systems, presenting complex and non-reproducible dynamics, may be found in nature from the interaction between planets to the evolution of the weather, but can also be tailored using current technologies for advanced signal processing. However, the realization of chaotic signal generators remains challenging, due to the involved dynamics of the underlying physics. In this paper, we experimentally and numerically present a disruptive approach to generate a chaotic signal from a micromechanical resonator. This technique overcomes the long-established complexity of controlling the buckling in micro/nano-mechanical structures by modulating either the amplitude or the frequency of the driving force applied to the resonator in the nonlinear regime. The experimental characteristic parameters of the chaotic regime, namely the Poincaré sections and Lyapunov exponents, are directly comparable to simulations for different configurations. These results confirm that this dynamical approach is transposable to any kind of micro/nano-mechanical resonators, from accelerometers to microphones. We demonstrate a direct application exploiting the mixing properties of the chaotic regime by transforming an off-the-shelf microdiaphragm into a true random number generator conformed to the National Institute of Standards and Technology specifications. The versatility of this original method opens new paths to combine chaos' unique properties with microstructures' exceptional sensitivity leading to emergent microsystems.
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