多核嵌入式系统中提高用户响应能力的负载均衡
Load-Balancing for Improving User Responsiveness on Multicore Embedded Systems
摘要：
大多数商用嵌入式设备都部署了单处理器架构。由于Google Play Store和Apple App Store等应用程序商业模式的出现，运行在嵌入式设备上的应用程序的代码大小和复杂性正在迅速增加。因此，高性能多核CPU已成为嵌入式市场以及个人计算机市场的主要趋势。由于这一趋势，许多设备制造商已经能够采用更具吸引力的用户界面和高性能应用程序，以在多核系统上获得更好的用户体验。在本文中，我们描述了如何提高实时性能，减少用户等待时间的多核系统，使用分区每CPU运行队列调度技术。而不是专注于天真的负载均衡计划，同样平衡的CPU使用率，我们的方法试图通过考虑运行任务的重要性水平，以最大限度地减少任务迁移的成本，并优化多核嵌入式系统的CPU利用率。因此，我们的方法提高了实时特性，如缓存效率，用户响应速度和延迟。在高背景压力下的实验结果表明，我们的方法减少了紧急任务的平均调度延迟的2.3倍。
英文摘要：
Most commercial embedded devices have been deployed with a single processor architecture. The code size and complexity of applications running on embedded devices are rapidly increasing due to the emergence of application business models such as Google Play Store and Apple App Store. As a result, a high-performance multicore CPUs have become a major trend in the embedded market as well as in the personal computer market. Due to this trend, many device manufacturers have been able to adopt more attractive user interfaces and high-performance applications for better user experiences on the multicore systems. In this paper, we describe how to improve the real-time performance by reducing the user waiting time on multicore systems that use a partitioned per-CPU run queue scheduling technique. Rather than focusing on naive load-balancing scheme for equally balanced CPU usage, our approach tries to minimize the cost of task migration by considering the importance level of running tasks and to optimize per-CPU utilization on multicore embedded systems. Consequently, our approach improves the real-time characteristics such as cache efficiency, user responsiveness, and latency. Experimental results under heavy background stress show that our approach reduces the average scheduling latency of an urgent task by 2.3 times.
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