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arXiv 2101.01733cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-el
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磁性材料中对称性保护的节点和节线

Symmetry-protected Nodal Points and Nodal Lines in Magnetic Materials

Jian Yang, Chen Fang, Zheng-Xin Liu

摘要:

电子能带色散中的节点和节线结构的特征是在布里渊区(BZ)的某些角或线处具有高简并性。这些节点结构也可以存在于磁有序材料中的巡回电子的色散中,其对称群是称为磁空间群的反幺正群。在目前的工作中,我们提供了一个完整的列表的磁空间群,可以主机的自旋1/2费米子粒子的不可约保护的点/线能带结构,其中的节点/线的简并性是由不可约的投影表示(IPReps)的小co-groups保证。我们的讨论仅限于磁点群包含时空反演操作$\tilde T=\mathcal IT$、空间反演操作$\mathcal I$和时间反演操作$T$的组合操作的磁空间群,使得能带在BZ中任意点处至少是双简并的。对于这些磁点群,我们提供了不变量来标记投影Reps的类别,并且对于每个类别,我们计算所有不等价的IPReps。从结果中,我们选择出支持高维($d\geq$ 4)IPReps的所有组和相应的Rep类。然后,我们列出了磁空间群和它们的高对称点/线,它们的小余群具有高维($d\geq$ 4)IPReps和相应的因子系统。候选材料的例子进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

Nodal-point and Nodal-line structures in the dispersion of electron energy bands are characterized by their high degeneracy in certain corners or lines in the Brillouin zone (BZ). These nodal structures can also exist in the dispersion of itinerant electrons in magnetically ordered materials whose symmetry groups are anti-unitary groups called the magnetic space groups. In the present work, we provide a complete list of magnetic space groups which can host symmetry-protected nodal-point/line band structures for spin-1/2 fermionic particles, where the degeneracies at the nodal points/lines are guaranteed by irreducible projective representations (IPReps) of the little co-groups. Our discussion is restricted to the magnetic space groups whose magnetic point group contains the space-time inversion operation $\tilde T=\mathcal IT$, the combined operation of spacial inversion $\mathcal I$ and time reversal $T$, such that the energy bands are at least doubly-degenerate at arbitrary points in the BZ. For these magnetic point groups we provide the invariants to label the classes of projective Reps, and for each class we calculate all the inequivalent IPReps. From the results we select out all the groups and the corresponding Rep classes which support high-dimensional ($d\geq$4) IPReps. We then list the magnetic space groups and their high symmetry points/lines whose little co-groups have high-dimensional ($d\geq$4) IPReps with the corresponding factor systems. Examples of candidate materials are discussed.

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