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arXiv 2101.01276astro-ph.IMastro-ph.EP
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Starshade Renaissance:来自多历元直接成像的系外行星轨道约束

Starshade Rendezvous: Exoplanet Orbit Constraints from Multi-Epoch Direct Imaging

Andrew Romero-Wolf, Geoffrey Bryden, Greg Agnes, Jonathan W. Arenberg, Samuel Case Bradford, Simone D'Amico, John Debes, Matt Greenhouse, Renyu Hu, Steve Matous… 展开作者

Andrew Romero-Wolf, Geoffrey Bryden, Greg Agnes, Jonathan W. Arenberg, Samuel Case Bradford, Simone D'Amico, John Debes, Matt Greenhouse, Renyu Hu, Steve Matousek, Jason Rhodes, John Ziemer

摘要:

在{ \it Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope}上增加一个外部星罩,将能够直接对在$\sim$ 1 AU轨道上运行的地球半径行星进行成像。将任何探测到的行星归类为类地行星需要光谱学来表征其大气层,并需要多时期成像来追踪其轨道。我们在这里考虑的能力,Starshade Renaissance探测器约束直接成像类地行星的轨道。这一拟议任务的目标清单包括最适合直接成像的16颗邻近恒星。遮光罩飞行任务的视野受到太阳排斥角的限制,导致在两年的飞行任务中有四个观测窗口。我们发现,对于可居住区的行星轨道,在四个观看机会期间至少检测到三次,它们的半长轴测量的中位精度为7 mas,或中位分数精度为3%。在96.7%的情况下,可调带行星可以被正确识别,假阳性率为2.8%。如果使用更保守的标准进行宜居带分类(95%的概率),误报率下降到接近零,但只有81%的真正的类地行星被正确分类为居住在宜居带。

英文摘要:

The addition of an external starshade to the {\it Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope} will enable the direct imaging of Earth-radius planets orbiting at $\sim$1 AU. Classification of any detected planets as Earth-like requires both spectroscopy to characterize their atmospheres and multi-epoch imaging to trace their orbits. We consider here the ability of the Starshade Rendezvous Probe to constrain the orbits of directly imaged Earth-like planets. The target list for this proposed mission consists of the 16 nearby stars best suited for direct imaging. The field of regard for a starshade mission is constrained by solar exclusion angles, resulting in four observing windows during a two-year mission. We find that for habitable-zone planetary orbits that are detected at least three times during the four viewing opportunities, their semi-major axes are measured with a median precision of 7 mas, or a median fractional precision of 3\%. Habitable-zone planets can be correctly identified as such 96.7\% of the time, with a false positive rate of 2.8\%. If a more conservative criteria is used for habitable-zone classification (95\% probability), the false positive rate drops close to zero, but with only 81\% of the truly Earth-like planets correctly classified as residing in the habitable zone.

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