QCD基态的真实动力学和规范结构及奇异胶子场
True Dynamical and Gauge Structures of the QCD Ground State and the Singular Gluon Fileds
AI总结：
本文探讨QCD基态的真实动力学和规范结构，揭示胶子场中的奇异特性，提出新的非微扰分析方法，解决红外奇点问题并解释色束缚和渐近自由现象。
摘要：
我们坚定地认为，QCD基态的真实动力学和规范结构比其拉格朗日量精确规范对称性所假设的要复杂得多。这些复杂性的动力学来源已被确定为泡利项/海豚项，其重整化版本称为质量间隙。其真实动力学作用隐藏在QCD基态中，但显式地出现在完整的胶子自能中。为了揭示这一点，推导了完整胶子自能的横向条件与其减去后的对应项之间的分裂。给出了因质量间隙而产生的完整胶子传播子的运动方程，这允许通过新引入的广义规范来确定动力学和规范结构。开发了一种新的非微扰解析方法，即质量间隙方法，用于QCD及其基态。我们发现了一个通用的、非微扰的奇异解，适用于整个胶子动量范围，而在大距离范围内主导所有其他可能的解。它容纳了可能出现在QCD基态中的所有严重的红外奇点，这些奇点可能由于无质量胶子模式的自相互作用而产生。相应地，制定了一个非微扰的乘法红外重整化程序。所得到的完整胶子传播子阻止胶子在大距离处作为物理状态出现（色束缚）。我们的方法还解释了渐近自由区域中的尺度违反现象，以及为什么重夸克之间的势能只是一次方的。
英文摘要：
We convincingly argue that the true dynamical and gauge structure of the QCD ground state is much more complicated than its Lagrangian exact gauge symmetry supposes to be. The dynamical source of these complications has been identified with the tadpole/seagull term, which renormalized version called, the mass gap. Its true dynamical role is hidden in the QCD ground state, but it is explicitly present in the full gluon self-energy. To disclose it the splintering between the transverse conditions for the full gluon self-energy and its subtracted counterpart has been derived. The equation of motion for the full gluon propagator on account of the mass gap was given, which allows to fix the dynamical and gauge structures by a newly-introduced generalized gauge. A novel non-perturbative analytical method, the mass gap approach was developed for QCD and its groud state as well. We have discovered a general, non-perturbative singular solution for the full gluon propagator valid in the whole gluon momentum range, while dominating at large distances over all the other possible solutions. It accommodates all the severe infrared singularities, which may appear in the QCD ground state due to the self-interaction of massless gluon modes. A corresponding non-pertubative multiplicative infrared renormalization program has been formulated. The resulting full gluon propagator prevents gluons to appear at large distances as physical states (confinement of color gluons). Our approach also explains the scale violation in the asymptotic freedom regime, and why the rising potential between heavy quarks is only linear one.
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