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arXiv 2012.12122astro-ph.IM
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优化超新星光度分类的限星等光谱训练样本

Optimising a magnitude-limited spectroscopic training sample for photometric classification of supernovae

Jonathan E. Carrick, Isobel M. Hook, Elizabeth Swann, Kyle Boone, Chris Frohmaier, Alex G. Kim, Mark Sullivan

摘要:

在准备从传统的空间和时间调查(LSST)的瞬态光度分类,我们运行不同的训练数据集的测试。使用4米多目标光谱望远镜(4 MOST)时域河外巡天(TIDES)可以分类瞬变的深度估计,我们模拟了一个达到$r_{\textrm{AB}} \approx$ 22.5马格的星等限制样本。我们使用软件snmachine运行我们的模拟,这是一个使用机器学习的光度分类管道。与代表性的训练样本相比,当训练样本的大小有限时,机器学习算法很难对超新星进行分类。当我们将星等有限的训练样本与从更大的光谱设施观测到的微弱的高红移超新星的模拟现实样本相结合时,分类性能明显提高;算法的10次运行的ROC曲线下平均面积(AUC)评分范围从0.547-0.628增加到0.946- 0.948。0.969,4种算法中有2种算法在所有运行中分类样品的纯度达到95%。通过使用增强软件avocado创建新的人工光曲线,我们在所有机器学习算法的所有10次运行中实现了95%的分类样本纯度。我们还达到了最高的平均AUC得分为0.986与人工神经网络算法。拥有“真正的”微弱超新星来补充我们的星等有限的样本是优化4 MOST光谱样本的关键要求。然而,我们的结果是一个概念证明,增强也是必要的,以实现最佳的分类结果。

英文摘要:

In preparation for photometric classification of transients from the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) we run tests with different training data sets. Using estimates of the depth to which the 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST) Time Domain Extragalactic Survey (TiDES) can classify transients, we simulate a magnitude-limited sample reaching $r_{\textrm{AB}} \approx$ 22.5 mag. We run our simulations with the software snmachine, a photometric classification pipeline using machine learning. The machine-learning algorithms struggle to classify supernovae when the training sample is magnitude-limited, in contrast to representative training samples. Classification performance noticeably improves when we combine the magnitude-limited training sample with a simulated realistic sample of faint, high-redshift supernovae observed from larger spectroscopic facilities; the algorithms' range of average area under ROC curve (AUC) scores over 10 runs increases from 0.547-0.628 to 0.946-0.969 and purity of the classified sample reaches 95 per cent in all runs for 2 of the 4 algorithms. By creating new, artificial light curves using the augmentation software avocado, we achieve a purity in our classified sample of 95 per cent in all 10 runs performed for all machine-learning algorithms considered. We also reach a highest average AUC score of 0.986 with the artificial neural network algorithm. Having `true' faint supernovae to complement our magnitude-limited sample is a crucial requirement in optimisation of a 4MOST spectroscopic sample. However, our results are a proof of concept that augmentation is also necessary to achieve the best classification results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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