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arXiv 1208.1264astro-ph.COastro-ph.IM
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用神经网络对超新星进行自动光度分类的一种简单而鲁棒的方法

A simple and robust method for automated photometric classification of supernovae using neural networks

N. V. Karpenka, F. Feroz, M. P. Hobson

摘要:

本文提出了一种超新星(SNe)的自动光度分类方法,它可以将超新星分为Ia型和非Ia型。采用两步法:(1)分别拟合各观测滤波器的SN光变曲线通量测量值;以及(ii)拟合的函数参数及其相关的不确定性,以及通量测量的数量、拟合的最大似然值和模型的贝叶斯证据,被用作分类神经网络(NN)的输入特征向量,所述分类神经网络(NN)输出所考虑的SN是Ia型的概率。该方法使用超新星光度分类挑战赛(SNPCC)后发布的数据进行训练和测试。我们考虑将数据随机划分为训练集和测试集:例如,对于我们的样本D_1(D_4),总共有10%(40%)的数据用于训练算法,其余的用于盲测试分类器;我们不进行选择切割。在NN输出上使用p_th=0.5的典型阈值概率将SN分类为Ia型,对于样本D_1(D_4),我们获得了0.78(0.82)的完整性,0.77(0.82)的纯度和0.41(0.50)的SNPCC品质因数。包括SN主机星系红移和它的不确定性作为额外的输入到NN的结果在一个温和的5-10%的增加,这些值。我们发现分类质量并不随SN红移而显著变化。此外,我们的概率分类方法允许计算预期的完整性,纯度或其他措施的分类质量作为一个函数的p_th,而不知道测试样本中的SNe的真实类。因此,该方法可以通过优化p_th来进一步改进,并且可以容易地扩展以将非Ia SNe分成它们的不同类别。

英文摘要:

A method is presented for automated photometric classification of supernovae (SNe) as Type-Ia or non-Ia. A two-step approach is adopted in which: (i) the SN lightcurve flux measurements in each observing filter are fitted separately; and (ii) the fitted function parameters and their associated uncertainties, along with the number of flux measurements, the maximum-likelihood value of the fit and Bayesian evidence for the model, are used as the input feature vector to a classification neural network (NN) that outputs the probability that the SN under consideration is of Type-Ia. The method is trained and tested using data released following the SuperNova Photometric Classification Challenge (SNPCC). We consider several random divisions of the data into training and testing sets: for instance, for our sample D_1 (D_4), a total of 10% (40%) of the data are involved in training the algorithm and the remainder used for blind testing of the resulting classifier; we make no selection cuts. Assigning a canonical threshold probability of p_th=0.5 on the NN output to classify a SN as Type-Ia, for the sample D_1 (D_4) we obtain a completeness of 0.78 (0.82), purity of 0.77 (0.82), and SNPCC figure-of-merit of 0.41 (0.50). Including the SN host-galaxy redshift and its uncertainty as additional inputs to the NN results in a modest 5-10% increase in these values. We find that the classification quality does not vary significantly with SN redshift. Moreover, our probabilistic classification method allows one to calculate the expected completeness, purity or other measures of classification quality as a function of the p_th, without knowing the true classes of the SNe in the testing sample. The method may thus be improved further by optimising p_th and can easily be extended to divide non-Ia SNe into their different classes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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