基金会超新星巡天：用单个望远镜测量超新星的宇宙学参数
The Foundation Supernova Survey: Measuring Cosmological Parameters with Supernovae from a Single Telescope
摘要：
暗能量状态方程参数$w$的测量一直受到$z<0.1$ Ia型超新星（SNe Ia）的选择效应和光度校准的不确定性的限制。基金会超新星巡天的目的是通过在泛星系统上观测到的$z<0.1$ SNe Ia的新样本来降低这些不确定性。在这里，我们将基金会样本与Pan-STARRS中深巡天的SNe结合起来，并使用来自单个望远镜和单个校准良好的测光系统的1，338 SNe测量宇宙学参数。这是第一次，无论是低- $z$和高- $z$的数据主要发现的调查，不针对预先选定的星系，减少选择偏差的不确定性。的$z>0.1$数据包括875 SNe没有光谱分类，我们表明，我们可以鲁棒地边缘化CC SN污染。我们通过$0.046 \pm 0.027$ mag（stat+sys）测量基金会哈勃残差比预先存在的低$z$哈勃残差更暗。通过结合超新星Ia的观测数据和宇宙微波背景约束，我们发现了与$Λ$ CDM一致的$w=-0.938 \pm 0.053$。仅用463个光谱分类的Ia型SNe，我们测量了$w=-0.933\pm0.061$。使用更均匀和更好地表征基金会的样品给出了一个55%的系统的不确定性减少归因于超新星Ia样本选择的偏见。虽然在低和高红移下只使用一个测光系统会增加测光校准不确定性的影响，但以前的低$z$样品可能具有在过去的研究中被忽略的相关校准不确定性。完整的基金会样本将观测到高达800 SNe，以锚定LSST和WFIRST哈勃图。
英文摘要：
Measurements of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, $w$, have been limited by uncertainty in the selection effects and photometric calibration of $z<0.1$ Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). The Foundation Supernova Survey is designed to lower these uncertainties by creating a new sample of $z<0.1$ SNe Ia observed on the Pan-STARRS system. Here, we combine the Foundation sample with SNe from the Pan-STARRS Medium Deep Survey and measure cosmological parameters with 1,338 SNe from a single telescope and a single, well-calibrated photometric system. For the first time, both the low-$z$ and high-$z$ data are predominantly discovered by surveys that do not target pre-selected galaxies, reducing selection bias uncertainties. The $z>0.1$ data include 875 SNe without spectroscopic classifications and we show that we can robustly marginalize over CC SN contamination. We measure Foundation Hubble residuals to be fainter than the pre-existing low-$z$ Hubble residuals by $0.046 \pm 0.027$ mag (stat+sys). By combining the SN Ia data with cosmic microwave background constraints, we find $w=-0.938 \pm 0.053$, consistent with $Λ$CDM. With 463 spectroscopically classified SNe Ia alone, we measure $w=-0.933\pm0.061$. Using the more homogeneous and better-characterized Foundation sample gives a 55% reduction in the systematic uncertainty attributed to SN Ia sample selection biases. Although use of just a single photometric system at low and high redshift increases the impact of photometric calibration uncertainties in this analysis, previous low-$z$ samples may have correlated calibration uncertainties that were neglected in past studies. The full Foundation sample will observe up to 800 SNe to anchor the LSST and WFIRST Hubble diagrams.
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