超基因的基因组结构和进化命运
The genomic architecture and evolutionary fates of supergenes
摘要：
超基因是指在平衡选择条件下控制多性状表型多态性的基因组区域。基因组学的最新进展揭示了基因组结构和超基因起源模式在不同生物系统中的显著变化。尽管基因组结构对于超基因起源的作用已经被讨论了很多，但是基因组结构的差异也随后影响超基因的进化轨迹和超基因单倍型的退化速率。在这篇综述中，我们综合了最近的基因组工作和超基因进化的历史模型，突出了超基因的基因组结构如何影响它们的进化命运。我们讨论了如何在管理蚁群的社会形式，蝴蝶的模仿，在开花植物中的异型有关的理论预期的经典超基因的最新研究结果。此外，我们使用正向模拟来证明基因组结构的差异影响超基因的退化。最后，我们讨论了超基因单倍型进化的影响，为长期的命运，由超基因的平衡多态性。
英文摘要：
Supergenes are genomic regions containing sets of tightly linked loci that control multi-trait phenotypic polymorphisms under balancing selection. Recent advances in genomics have uncovered significant variation in both the genomic architecture as well as the mode of origin of supergenes across diverse organismal systems. Although the role of genomic architecture for the origin of supergenes has been much discussed, differences in the genomic architecture also subsequently affect the evolutionary trajectory of supergenes and the rate of degeneration of supergene haplotypes. In this review, we synthesize recent genomic work and historical models of supergene evolution, highlighting how the genomic architecture of supergenes affects their evolutionary fate. We discuss how recent findings on classic supergenes involved in governing ant colony social form, mimicry in butterflies, and heterostyly in flowering plants relate to theoretical expectations. Furthermore, we use forward simulations to demonstrate that differences in genomic architecture affect the degeneration of supergenes. Finally, we discuss implications of the evolution of supergene haplotypes for the long-term fate of balanced polymorphisms governed by supergenes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
