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arXiv 2012.09834hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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标量场的黑洞S-矩阵

Black Hole S-matrix for a scalar field

Panos Betzios, Nava Gaddam, Olga Papadoulaki

摘要:

我们描述了一个酉散射过程,从空间无穷远观察到的无质量标量粒子在一个渐近平坦的史瓦西黑洞背景。为了做到这一点,我们分裂的问题,在两个不同的制度管理的动态散射过程。第一个描述了在远离视界的区域中模式的演化,并且可以根据有效的Regge-Wheeler势进行分析。在近视界区域,Regge-Wheeler势变得微不足道,WKB几何光学近似霍金的取代近视界引力散射矩阵,捕获非微扰的软引力子交换视界附近。我们进行适当的匹配,这两个动力学问题的散射解决方案,并计算由此产生的Bogoliubov关系,这两个动态相结合。这使我们能够制定一个S-矩阵的散射过程是明显的单一。我们讨论了模拟的(准)正常模式,在这种设置和出现的引力回波,遵循原来的辐射爆发的激发黑洞放松到平衡。

英文摘要:

We describe a unitary scattering process, as observed from spatial infinity, of massless scalar particles on an asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black hole background. In order to do so, we split the problem in two different regimes governing the dynamics of the scattering process. The first describes the evolution of the modes in the region away from the horizon and can be analysed in terms of the effective Regge-Wheeler potential. In the near horizon region, where the Regge-Wheeler potential becomes insignificant, the WKB geometric optics approximation of Hawking's is replaced by the near-horizon gravitational scattering matrix that captures non-perturbative soft graviton exchanges near the horizon. We perform an appropriate matching for the scattering solutions of these two dynamical problems and compute the resulting Bogoliubov relations, that combines both dynamics. This allows us to formulate an S-matrix for the scattering process that is manifestly unitary. We discuss the analogue of the (quasi)-normal modes in this setup and the emergence of gravitational echoes that follow an original burst of radiation as the excited black hole relaxes to equilibrium.

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