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arXiv 2012.08441hep-ph
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多尺度有效势解耦方法中的层次问题与微调

The hierarchy problem and fine-tuning in a decoupling approach to multi-scale effective potentials

Simone Biondini, Daniël Boer, Ruud Peeters

摘要:

在许多超越标准模型理论的实现中,新的大质量粒子被引入,导致了一个具有广泛分离的能量尺度的多尺度系统。在这种情况下,科尔曼-温伯格有效势描述了量子水平上的理论真空,必须补充一个处理质量尺度层次的处方。在任何涉及标量场和多个高度不同的质量标度的量子场论中,通常不可能选择一个单一的重整化标度来去除有效势中所有的大质量。在本文中,我们集中在所谓的解耦方法,冻结的影响,重粒子的轻自由度的重整化群运行在低能量。我们研究了一个简单的两个标量理论,发现,虽然解耦方法导致一个可接受的和收敛的有效潜力,该方法并没有解决微调问题,这是固有的多尺度理论的层次问题。我们还考虑了另一种实现的解耦方法,它给出了不同的结果的形状的潜力,但仍然导致类似的结论,在模型中的微调量。我们提出了一种方法,以避免运行到这个微调问题,通过采用一个处方如何固定参数,这样的解耦方法。

英文摘要:

In many realizations of beyond the Standard Model theories, new massive particles are introduced, leading to a multi-scale system with widely separated energy scales. In this setting the Coleman-Weinberg effective potential, which describes the vacuum of the theory at the quantum level, has to be supplemented with a prescription to handle the hierarchy in mass scales. In any quantum field theory involving scalar fields and multiple, highly differing mass scales, it is in general not possible to choose a single renormalization scale that will remove all the large logarithms in the effective potential. In this paper, we focus on the so-called decoupling method, which freezes the effects of heavy particles on the renormalization group running of the light degrees of freedom at low energies. We study this for a simple two-scalar theory and find that, while the decoupling method leads to an acceptable and convergent effective potential, the method does not solve the fine-tuning problem that is inherent to the hierarchy problem of multi-scale theories. We also consider an alternative implementation of the decoupling approach, which gives different results for the shape of the potential, but still leads to similar conclusions on the amount of fine-tuning in the model. We suggest a way to avoid running into this fine-tuning problem by adopting a prescription on how to fix parameters in such decoupling approaches.

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