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arXiv 2012.04354astro-ph.GA
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在43个南部恒星形成区扩展的HNCO、SiO和HC $_{3}$ N发射

Extended HNCO, SiO, and HC$_{3}$N emission in 43 southern star-forming regions

Yu-Xin He, Christian Henkel, Jian-Jun Zhou, Jarken Esimbek, Amelia M. Stutz, Hong-Li Liu, Wei-Guang Ji, Da-Lei Li, Gang Wu, Xin-Di Tang, Toktarkhan Komesh, Serikbek Sailanbek

摘要:

我们选取了43个南方大质量恒星形成区,研究了HNCO 4 $_{04}$-3 $_{03}$、SiO 2-1和HC $_{3}$ N 10-9谱线发射的空间分布,并探讨了它们与尘埃辐射的空间关联。HNCO 4 $_{04}$-3 $_{03}$和HC $_{3}$ N 10-9的形貌与粉尘排放相吻合。HC $_{3}$ N 10-9倾向于比HNCO 4 $_{04}$ -3 $_{03}$和SiO 2-1源自更致密的区域。我们将我们的源分为三组:位于中央分子区(CMZ)的源,与气泡(Bubble)相关的源,以及其余的源,它们被称为“正常恒星形成区”(NMSFR)。这三组,再分为三个不同的类别,相对于线宽,集成的强度,和列密度,暗示在不同的物理和化学过程的存在。结果表明,尘埃温度$T_{\rm d}$、$N_{\rm HNCO}/N_{\rm SiO}$和$N_{\rm HNCO}/N_{\rm HC3N}$的丰度比均呈现出向CMZ源中心密集区递减的趋势,而$N_{\rm HC3N}/N_{\rm SiO}$则向相反方向移动。此外,在Bubble和NMSFR类别源中,发现$T_{\rm d}$和$N_{\rm HC3N}/N_{\rm SiO}$之间有更好的一致性。在16个泡沫源和NMSFR源中,有8个都发现了流出和流入活动。低流出检测率表明,在这些源的SiO 2-1线翼发射是低于我们的灵敏度限制,或大部分的SiO发射可能是由H{ \sc \,ii}区域或超新星遗迹,这已经推出了分子气体形成的冲击波和产生SiO的膨胀。

英文摘要:

We have selected 43 southern massive star-forming regions to study the spatial distribution of HNCO 4$_{04}$-3$_{03}$, SiO 2-1 and HC$_{3}$N 10-9 line emission and to investigate their spatial association with the dust emission. The morphology of HNCO 4$_{04}$-3$_{03}$ and HC$_{3}$N 10-9 agrees well with the dust emission. HC$_{3}$N 10-9 tends to originate from more compact regions than HNCO 4$_{04}$-3$_{03}$ and SiO 2-1. We divided our sources into three groups: those in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), those associated with bubbles (Bubble), and the remaining sources, which are termed 'normal star forming regions' (NMSFR). These three groups, subdivided into three different categories with respect to line widths, integrated intensities, and column densities, hint at the presence of different physical and chemical processes. We find that the dust temperature $T_{\rm d}$, and the abundance ratios of $N_{\rm HNCO}/N_{\rm SiO}$ and $N_{\rm HNCO}/N_{\rm HC3N}$ show a decreasing trend towards the central dense regions of CMZ sources, while $N_{\rm HC3N}/N_{\rm SiO}$ moves into the opposite direction. Moreover, a better agreement is found between $T_{\rm d}$ and $N_{\rm HC3N}/N_{\rm SiO}$ in Bubble and NMSFR category sources. Both outflow and inflow activities have been found in eight of the sixteen bubble and NMSFR sources. The low outflow detection rate indicates that in these sources the SiO 2-1 line wing emission is either below our sensitivity limit or that the bulk of the SiO emission may be produced by the expansion of an H{\sc\,ii} region or supernova remnant, which has pushed molecular gas away forming a shock and yielding SiO.

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