arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2012.00643cs.RO
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使用真实场景对自动驾驶汽车进行安全评估的程序

Procedure for the Safety Assessment of an Autonomous Vehicle Using Real-World Scenarios

TNO(TNO荷兰应用科学研究组织);Delft University of Technology(代尔夫特理工大学)

Erwin de Gelder, Olaf Op den Camp

摘要:

近年来,自动驾驶汽车(AVs)的发展取得了重大进展。无人驾驶汽车发展的一个重要方面是对其安全性的评估。需要制定新的办法。其中,基于真实世界的评估得到了汽车领域许多参与者的广泛支持。基于场景的评估允许在物理测试之外使用虚拟仿真工具,例如在测试轨道,试验场或公共道路上。我们提出了一个程序,考虑到三个利益相关者:申请人,评估员,(道路或车辆)当局的真实世界的基于道路审批评估。挑战如下。首先,测试需要根据AV的操作设计域(ODD)和动态驾驶任务(DDT)描述进行调整。其次,假设申请人不想披露所有详细的测试结果,因为这些结果中包含专有或机密信息。第三,由于臭氧消耗物质和滴滴涕的复杂性,需要进行许多测试,以便在评估反车辆地雷时获得足够的信心。因此,假设由于资源有限,评估员无法进行所有(物理)测试。我们提出了一个系统的方法来确定测试,是基于由当局和AV的臭氧层破坏和滴滴涕的描述,这样的测试是针对适用的臭氧层破坏和滴滴涕的要求。每个测试都带有指标,使申请人能够为每个测试提供AV的性能评级。由于只提供每项测试的性能评级,申请人无需披露测试结果的详细信息。在我们建议的程序中,评估员只进行有限数量的测试。这些测试的主要目的是验证申请人提供的结果的真实性。

英文摘要:

The development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has made significant progress in the last years. An important aspect in the development of AVs is the assessment of their safety. New approaches need to be worked out. Among these, real-world scenario-based assessment is widely supported by many players in the automotive field. Scenario-based assessment allows for using virtual simulation tools in addition to physical tests, such as on a test track, proving ground, or public road. We propose a procedure for real-world scenario-based road-approval assessment considering three stakeholders: the applicant, the assessor, and the (road or vehicle) authority. The challenges are as follows. Firstly, the tests need to be tailored to the operational design domain (ODD) and dynamic driving task (DDT) description of the AV. Secondly, it is assumed that the applicant does not want to disclose all of the detailed test results because of proprietary or confidential information contained in these results. Thirdly, due to the complex ODD and DDT, many test scenarios are required to obtain sufficient confidence in the assessment of the AV. Consequently, it is assumed that due to limited resources, it is infeasible for the assessor to conduct all (physical) tests. We propose a systematic approach for determining the tests that are based on the requirements set by the authority and the AV's ODD and DDT description, such that the tests are tailored to the applicable ODD and DDT. Each test comes with metrics that enables the applicant to provide a performance rating of the AV for each of the tests. By only providing a performance rating for each test, the applicant does not need to disclose the details of the test results. In our proposed procedure, the assessor only conducts a limited number of tests. The main purpose of these tests is to verify the fidelity of the results provided by the applicant.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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