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arXiv 2011.13227eess.SYcs.LGcs.SY
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构造MPC的输入凸神经网络

Input Convex Neural Networks for Building MPC

ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);Empa(瑞士联邦材料科学与技术实验室)

Felix Bünning, Adrian Schalbetter, Ahmed Aboudonia, Mathias Hudoba de Badyn, Philipp Heer, John Lygeros

摘要:

建筑物的模型预测控制可以显著降低其能耗。为建筑物创建和维护第一原理模型所需的成本和精力使得数据驱动建模成为该领域中有吸引力的替代方案。在MPC中,模型构成了优化问题的基础,该问题的解提供了应用于系统的控制信号。这个优化问题必须实时重复解决的事实意味着对可以使用的学习架构的限制。在这里,我们调整输入凸神经网络,这些网络通常只对一步预测是凸的,用于构建MPC。我们引入额外的限制,他们的结构和权重,以实现多步预测的凸输入输出关系。我们评估的后果,额外的约束模型的准确性和测试模型在现实生活中的MPC实验在瑞士的公寓。在两个为期五天的制冷实验中,MPC与输入凸神经网络能够将室温保持在舒适的限制范围内,同时最大限度地减少制冷能耗。

英文摘要:

Model Predictive Control in buildings can significantly reduce their energy consumption. The cost and effort necessary for creating and maintaining first principle models for buildings make data-driven modelling an attractive alternative in this domain. In MPC the models form the basis for an optimization problem whose solution provides the control signals to be applied to the system. The fact that this optimization problem has to be solved repeatedly in real-time implies restrictions on the learning architectures that can be used. Here, we adapt Input Convex Neural Networks that are generally only convex for one-step predictions, for use in building MPC. We introduce additional constraints to their structure and weights to achieve a convex input-output relationship for multistep ahead predictions. We assess the consequences of the additional constraints for the model accuracy and test the models in a real-life MPC experiment in an apartment in Switzerland. In two five-day cooling experiments, MPC with Input Convex Neural Networks is able to keep room temperatures within comfort constraints while minimizing cooling energy consumption.

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