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arXiv 2011.12417cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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金刚石自旋传感器：探测纳米磁性的新方法

Diamond spin sensors: A new way to probe nanomagnetism

J. -P. Tetienne, L. P. McGuinness, V. Jacques

备注：
22 pages, 12 figure
发表信息：
Book Chapter in "Nanomagnetism: Applications and Perspectives: Applications and Perspectives", Edited by M. Van de Voorde and C. Fermon (Wiley-VCH, 2017)
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摘要：

对单个量子系统的研究，使我们对量子物理的理解取得了相当大的进展，传统上与原子气体有关。然而，在过去的几十年里，重点已经转向固态系统，这是更实用的应用程序。特别是，最近出现了一个新的领域，它涉及基于晶体固体中局部点缺陷附近的单自旋的量子系统的研究。一个这样的系统是金刚石中的氮空位（NV）缺陷。NV缺陷最初被用作测试量子物理和量子计算概念的实验性试验板，很快就被提出作为灵敏的磁力计，能够检测微小的磁场，直到单自旋的极限水平。这种原子大小的磁力计可用作独立的传感器，或集成到成像系统中，提供低至原子尺度的空间分辨率。因此，基于金刚石的仪器提供了新的途径来探测从中尺度到纳米尺度的物质的磁性。本书章节概述了基于金刚石的磁传感和成像领域，重点是这项技术已经证明的应用。本章分为三个主要部分。在第2节中，描述了基于金刚石的磁力测量的基本物理和方法。第3节致力于各种实验实施，采用这类新的传感器的磁传感和成像。最后，在第4节中介绍了一些最近的应用。

英文摘要：

Studies of individual quantum systems, which have led to considerable progress in our understanding of quantum physics, have traditionally been associated with atomic gases. In the last decades however, the emphasis has shifted towards solid-state systems, which are much more practical for applications. In particular, a new field has recently emerged that is concerned with the study of quantum systems based on single spins localized near point defects in crystalline solids. One such system is the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond. Initially used as an experimental breadboard for testing concepts of quantum physics and quantum computation, the NV defect was soon proposed as a sensitive magnetometer, capable of detecting minute magnetic fields, down to ultimate level of single spins. This atomic-sized magnetometer can be used as a standalone sensor, or integrated into an imaging system providing spatial resolution down to the atomic scale. Diamond-based instruments thus offer new pathways to probe the magnetism of matter from the mesoscale down to the nanoscale. This book chapter gives an overview of the field of diamond-based magnetic sensing and imaging, with an emphasis on already demonstrated applications of this technology. The chapter is divided into three main sections. In Section 2, the underlying physics and methods of diamond-based magnetometry are described. Section 3 is devoted to various experimental implementations that employ this new class of sensors for magnetic sensing and imaging. Finally, some recent applications are presented in Section 4.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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