使用CMOS技术扩展硅基量子计算：最新进展、挑战与展望
Scaling silicon-based quantum computing using CMOS technology: State-of-the-art, Challenges and Perspectives
AI总结：
本文分析了基于CMOS技术的硅基量子计算系统的扩展前景，指出利用半导体工业专有技术制造类硅场效应晶体管量子比特，是解决通用量子计算机扩展挑战的关键契机。
摘要：
互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）技术通过将人类带入数字时代，彻底重塑了世界。在相同的物理空间内塞入更多晶体管实现了计算性能的指数级增长，但这一策略近期因微型化日益增加的复杂性与成本而受阻。为了继续在计算性能上取得显著提升，必须开发诸如量子计算等新的计算范式。然而，寻找处理量子信息的最优物理系统，并将其扩展到构建通用量子计算机所需的大量量子比特，仍是一项重大挑战。纳米器件工程的最新突破表明，现在可以采用与硅场效应晶体管相似的方式制造量子比特，从而为利用CMOS工业的专有技术解决扩展挑战提供了契机。在本文中，我们重点分析基于CMOS技术的量子计算系统的扩展前景。
英文摘要：
Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has radically reshaped the world by taking humanity to the digital age. Cramming more transistors into the same physical space has enabled an exponential increase in computational performance, a strategy that has been recently hampered by the increasing complexity and cost of miniaturization. To continue achieving significant gains in computing performance, new computing paradigms, such as quantum computing, must be developed. However, finding the optimal physical system to process quantum information, and scale it up to the large number of qubits necessary to build a general-purpose quantum computer, remains a significant challenge. Recent breakthroughs in nanodevice engineering have shown that qubits can now be manufactured in a similar fashion to silicon field-effect transistors, opening an opportunity to leverage the know-how of the CMOS industry to address the scaling challenge. In this article, we focus on the analysis of the scaling prospects of quantum computing systems based on CMOS technology.
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